爱丁堡英文怎么写 用英文介绍贝尔法斯特的经济

用英文介绍贝尔法斯特的经济  

Economy of Belfast贝尔法斯特的经济

Belfast was initially built on trade through Belfast Harbour. Later, industry contributed to its growth, particularly shipbuilding and linen. At the beginning of the 20th century Belfast was both the largest producer of linen in the world and also boasted the world's largest shipyard. civil unrest crippled the city's industry for many years but with the recent republican and loyalist ceasefires, and the St Andrews Agreement in 2006, the city's economy is thriving once again.

贝尔法斯特最初是建立在贝尔法斯特的港湾。

后来,工业对其增长起到了很大的贡献.尤其是船舶和亚麻行业。

在20世纪初,贝尔法斯特即是世界上最大的亚麻生产商,又是世界上最大的船舶港口。

民事的动荡重创了城市行业很多年,但最近的共和党和亲信停火,和2006圣安德鲁斯协议的签订,这个城市的经济又一次回复了繁荣.

History of the economy 贝尔法斯特经济历史

When the population of Belfast town began to grow in the seventeenth century, its economy was built on merce.[3] It provided a market for the surrounding countryside and the natural inlet of Belfast Lough gave the city its own port. The port supplied an avenue for trade with the mainland and later Europe and North America. In the mid-seventeenth century, Belfast exported beef, butter, hides, tallow and corn and it imported coal, cloth, wine, brandy, paper, timber and tobacco.[3] Around this time, the linen trade in Northern Ireland blossomed and by the middle of the eighteenth century, one fifth of all the linen exported from Ireland was shipped from Belfast.[3]. The present city however is a product of the Industrial Revolution.[4] It was not until industry transformed the linen and shipbuilding trades that the economy and the population boomed. By the turn of the nieenth century, Belfast had transformed into the largest linen producing centre in the world[1], earning the nickname "Linenopolis".

当小镇的人口开始增长在十七世纪的时候,它是建立在经济贸易。

它提供了对周围的村庄和天然的进口的市场,根据自己城市的港口.这个港口不仅提供了与中国大陆的贸易,由来又有和欧洲和北美的贸易。

在十七世纪中叶,贝尔法斯特出口牛肉、黄油、皮革、牛油、玉米和它进口煤炭、布料、酒、白兰地、造纸、木材、烟草。

在这个时候,麻贸易在北爱尔兰蓬勃发展.在18世纪,五分之一的爱尔兰亚麻布从贝尔法斯特出口。

现在的城市是一个工业革命的产物。

经济和人口得到蓬勃发展是从产业转变成麻、造船行业之后。

到在十九世纪,贝尔法斯特已转变成了一个最大的亚麻生产中心,并在在世界上取得了 Linenopolis”的称号。

Belfast harbour was dredged in 1845 to provide deeper berths for larger ships. Donegall Quay was built out into the river as the harbour was developed further and trade flourished.[5] The Harland and Wolff shipbuilding firm was created in 1861 and by the time the Titanic was built in Belfast in 1912, they boasted the largest shipyard in the world.[2]

贝尔法斯特港口在1845年竣工,它提供了一个更大的船舶停泊泊位.Donegall 码头在原有的基础上扩建,其促进了贸易的进一步的发展. 哈兰德和沃尔夫造船公司成立于1861年.在1912年,泰坦尼克在贝尔斯特建造,因此引以为荣的成为了世界上最大的船厂.

The rise of mass-produced and cotton clothing following World War I were some of the factors which led to the decline of Belfast's international linen trade.[1] Like many British cities dependent on traditional heavy industry, Belfast suffered serious decline since the 1960s, exacerbated greatly in the 1970s and 1980s by the civil unrest of The Troubles. More than 100,000 manufacturing jobs have been lost since the 1970s.[6]. For several decades, Northern Ireland's fragile economy required significant public support from the British exchequer of up to GB£4 billion per year.[6] Ongoing sectarian violence made it difficult for Belfast to pete with Ireland's Celtic Tiger economy, with Dublin producing some 70bn Euro GDP annually.

一次世界大战对于大量棉麻衣服的上升等因素导致了贝尔法斯特国际棉麻贸易的减少.像大多数英国城市一样,由于依靠贸易工业的影响,贝尔发斯特从1960年后遭受了严重的重创,并且加重了北爱尔兰的民族冲突.从1970年后,超过10万人在生产工业失业. 几十年来,北爱尔兰的脆弱的经济需要从英国财政部下划约每年 40亿英镑的支助。

Current economy 现在经济

However, the IRA Ceasefire in 1995 and the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998 have given investors increased confidence to invest in Belfast. This has led to a period of sustained economic growth and large-scale redevelopment of the city centre. New developments include Victoria Square, the Cathedral Quarter, and the Laganside with the new Odyssey plex and the landmark Waterfront Hall.

在1995,英格兰共和军停火和1998年签署的贝尔法斯特和平协议增加了投资者对贝尔法斯特投资的信心.这些因素导致了贝尔法斯特城市大规模且持续的发展.这些新的发展包括维多利亚广场,兰更晒特大教堂与新奥德赛那些复杂而又具有里程碑意义的海滨大厅。

Two other major developments will see the regeneration of the Titanic Quarter, and the erection the Obel Tower, a skyscraper set to be the tallest tower on the island until eclipsed by the U2 Tower in Dublin.[7] In 2007, Belfast's launched its vision for a World Trade Centre (currently a 'virtual' centre but with plans to bee a physical building) which aims to promote the city to the international business market.

另外两个主要的发展会看到再生的泰坦尼克地区的重建,和ObeL塔的安装,一座摩天大楼是最高的大厦在岛上的U2塔直到黯然失色。

在都柏林,2007年贝尔法斯特的推出了世界贸易中心旨在促进城市的国际商业市场.

Today, Belfast is Northern Ireland's educational and mercial hub. It is now in the top five fastest growing regional economies in the UK. In February 2006, Belfast's unemployment rate stood at 4.2%, lower than both the Northern Ireland and the UK average of 5.5%. Over the past 10 years employment has grown by 16.4 per cent, pared with 9.2 per cent for the UK as a whole.

今天,贝尔法斯特为北爱尔兰的教育和商业中心。

是英国排在前五名的区域经济增长最快的城市。

在2006年2月,贝尔法斯特的失业率为4.2%,低于北爱尔兰和英国的5.5%的失业率.在过去10年,就业率增长了16.4%,而英国总体的就业率仅为9.2%.

Northern Ireland's peace dividend has also led to soaring property prices in the city. In 2006, Belfast saw house prices grow by 43%, the fastest rate of growth in the UK. In March 2007, the average house in Belfast cost GB£191,819, with the average in South Belfast being GB£241,000. In 2004, Belfast had the lowest owner occupation rate in Northern Ireland at 54%.

北爱尔兰和平红利还导致在这座城市里房地长的飙升。

在2006年,贝尔法斯特房价增长了43%,是英国最快的增长率。

在2007年3月,平均花费在贝尔法斯特为191,819英镑,南部贝尔法斯特的平均花费为241,000英镑。

在2004年,贝尔法斯特在北爱尔兰有着最低的职业失业率.