虚拟语气的三种时态 英语中哪类词才有虚拟语气？注意是哪类不是哪些。

英语中哪类词才有虚拟语气？注意是哪类不是哪些。  

英语中哪类词才有虚拟语气？注意是哪类不是哪些。

这个很难说清楚，虚拟语气只要违背现实就可以使用，比如 if , seem ,as if,as though

是不是只有从句才有虚拟语气

不是

表示说话人的主观愿望、猜疑、建议或与事实不符的假设等，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语从句的特殊形式表示出来的。如：

If I were a bird，I would be able to fly in the air.
如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。

I wish I could pass the examination.
我希望我能通过考试。

May you sueed!
祝你成功！

If only we had been college students last year!
上一年我们要是大学生该多好！

后面两个例子就是一个简单句。

英语中的虚拟语气 要注意什么 好难

虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法专案是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
Ⅰ用以表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气
⒈ 用if条件从句表示的虚拟条件，是虚拟条件最普通的方式。
① 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形，例如：If I were in your position I would marry her.
② 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.
③ 大多数的虚拟条件句属于上面三种情况的一种，但并不排除存在条件和后果中，一个和现在情况相反，另一个和过去情况相反，例如：If you had followed what the doctor said, you would not have been so painful now.这个句子在高中出现频率颇高。
④ 但是，如果后果用了虚拟语气，而条件却用陈述语气，这种用法是错的。
⒉ 除了表示虚假条件外，if从句还可以表示对将来的推测，由于是将来还没有发生的，所以谈不上是真实的还是虚假的，只能说这个事情发生的可能性有多大。一般情况下，可以用陈述语气的if从句来表示对一个未来事实的推测，这个事实是完全可能发生的。If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形，主句用would / should /could/ might +动词原形，例如：Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she were to get a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.（1996年1月四级第44题）
⒊ 有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去，而将had , should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构,这时候，如果出现not等否定词，否定词需放在主语后面。这种结构在口语中很少使用，但频频出现在各类考试中出现，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.→Had it not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis.
⒋ 大多数的虚拟条件通过上面所讲的两种方法表达，但在个别句子中也可以通过介词without和介词短语but for表达，副词otherwise等表达出来。例如：We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.（1995年6月四级第46题）值得注意的是，包含but for的句子，谓语动词必定要用虚拟形式，但包含without等短语的句子，谓语动词未必一定要用虚拟语气。
⒌ 有时虚拟条件不是明确地表达出来，而在蕴含在用but引导的从句里，于是便出现了有谓语动词是虚拟语气的主句加上谓语动词是陈述语气的but从句构成的并列复合句，例如I would have hung you but the telephone was out of order.在这样的句子里，如果主句没有用虚拟语气，或者从句用了虚拟语气，都是错的。
Ⅱ用在宾语从句中的虚拟语气
⒈ 在表示愿望的动词wish后的宾语从句中，需用虚拟语气。（wish后的that 常省略），根据主句时态，从句谓语时态相应退后一位，例如：How she wished his family could go with him.
⒉ 在具有愿望、请求、建议、命令等主观意愿的动词(desire, demand, advice, insist, require, suggest, propose, order, remend, decide …) 后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用(should) +动词原形。值得注意的是，如果宾语从句的动词是否定的，否定词not的位置应在动词之前，而不是动词之后。例如：The head nurse insisted that the patient not be move.另外，如suggest表达“暗示”，insist表示“坚持某种说法”时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气，例如：Her pale face suggests that she is ill.或He insisted that he did not kill the boy.
除此之外，上述动词也要求用虚拟式
① 在It is+上述动词的过去分词，其后所跟的主语从句中，如It is suggested that pupils wear school uniforms.
② 在上述动词相应的名词形式作主语+连系动词，其后的表语从句中，例如His suggestion was that classed be re-scheduled.
③ 在对上述动词相应的名词进行解释的同位语从句中，如：The workers raised the demand that their pay be increased to cope with the inflation.
⒊ would （had）rather , would sooner也用来表达主观愿望，它们之后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反，例如：I would rather he went right now.
Ⅲ其他形式的虚拟语气
⒈ it is +necessary等形容词后，that主语从句中虚拟形式使用，这类形容词包括necessary, important, essential, imperative, urgent, preferable, vital, advisable等，例如It is necessary that you listen to the teacher carefully.或者It is essential that you be able to pronounce every single word correctly.
⒉ 在It's (high/about) time 之后的定语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式，例如It is high time that you went to school
⒊ 虚拟语气在as if / as though 引导的方式状语从句中的应用（谓语动词形式与wish后的宾语从句基本相同）表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑，谓语动词用过去式。例如：He felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened. 表示过去想象中的动作或情况，谓语动词用过去完成式。
⒋ 在lest 引导的状语从句中，谓语动词多用虚拟语气，(should )+ 动词原形。例如： The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.（1998年1月四级第38题）
⒌ 在if only 引起的感叹句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式或过去完成式。例如： Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I had followed your advice.

英语表推测语气(不是虚拟语气)

情态动词表示猜测 （每个词表示的程度不同）
肯定：must > should > could > may > might 一定> 应该 >可能 >或许 >大概
否定：can’t > shouldn’t > couldn’t > may not > might not 不可能 > 应该不 > 可能不 > 或许不

英语虚拟语气具体分类？

虚拟语气
1） 概念
[Subjunctive Mood]
中文译作"虚拟语气"。它是一种动词形式，表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义。
2） 在条件句中的应用
条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
●虚拟语气的使用范围及判断
一、虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。
二、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断
判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。
判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。
三、“后退一步法”
后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后，按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。即：在非真实条件状语从句中，谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是：
①与过去事实相反，在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。
②与现在事实相反，在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。
③与将来事实可能相反，在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。
主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。
例：If I had e her yesterday, I would have seen him.
If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.
If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn’t go out.
四、注意事项
①if条件句中如有were, should, had，可以省去if，并使用倒装语序。
②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。
●宾语从句中的虚拟语气
一、wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气
wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，按“后退一步法”处理从句的谓语动词。注意：与哪个事实相反，不能以主句的时态为判断依据，而是根据从句的意义判断。
二、表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
从句中用“should + 动词原形”构成。而且should可以省去。用于此结构的动词有：advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest等。
注意：当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明，显示”时，不用虚拟语气。
The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him.
He insisted that he was honest.
三、would rather ＋从句
在这种结构中，从句的位于动词用过去形式表示虚拟。
I would rather you did this instead of me.
●主语从句中的虚拟语气
一、It be + 形容词 + that ．．．（should）．．．
用于该句型的形容词是：necessary, good, inportant, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny, strange, surprising ．
一些名词也可以用于 在该结构中。如：a pity， no wonder．．．．
二、It be + 过去分词 + that ．．．（should）．．．．
用于该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、请求、命令”等词的过去分词。如：desired， suggested， requested， ordered， proposed等。
三、It is time（about time， high time）that ．．．（过去式动词形式或should＋动词原形）．．．．
It is high time I went home now. = It is high time I should go home now.
●表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气
在suggestion， proposal， order， plan， idea， advice， decision等需要有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中，要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用：should＋原形动词。另外连线从句的that不能省略。
例：My suggestion is that weshould go there at once.
What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening.

examination makes me______英语作文（有虚拟语气）

题目：Examination makes me sad
I fail the examination again. It makes me very sad. I remember that I used to be a naughty student who played mobile phone games in class and chatted with classmates. I did not listen to teachers carefully. My parents and teachers often told me to study harder so that I could do well in examinations. However, I did not listen to them. I wish I were several years younger so that I could study hard. I'd rather I didn't play puter and mobile phone games. I'd rather I could listen to my teachers carefully. If worked hard, I would pass this examination and feel happy now. (107字，后面用了4句虚拟语气)

虚拟语气注意点

should

什么是英语虚拟语气

一、第二条件句、第三条件句

第一条件句：
If you study harder, you will pass the exam.

而一旦，我们将“条件句”主观化(不再用一般现在时)，显然，事情发生的机率就大大降低了
If you should pass the exam, I would buy a new PSP for you.
第二条件句：（虚拟现在或将来）
If you studied harder, you would pass the exam.
If you were to be the president of the US, I would be the First Lady.

If I had a million dollars, I would donate it to the Project Hope.
If I were you, I would aept the invitation.
第三条件句：（虚拟过去）
He may/ might/ could have given you more help, if you had begged several more times.

We shouldn't have started earlier, unless everyone had been here.

He would have shown his father his report card, if there hadn’t been so many gusts.

You needn't have told him your plan, unless he had asked you to do so.
二、虚拟条件句中，主句或从句，二者省略一个，表达某种强烈的情感
You need not have aept his apology.
You should have told me that.
I could have ordered the train ticket.
If I were at home. If only you had not been so ambitious.
三、特殊动词，宾语从句的虚拟
I wish I had your brains. I wish I had not said that. I wish I should have a chance.

I would rather you were here now.
I would rather you had seen the movie yesterday.
I would rather you went aboard tomorrow.

I insisted the mittee (should)aept his proposal.
The officer ordered everyone in the army (should) cut their long hair.
They suggested the pany (should) kick the black sheep out.
should的意思是“应当而未”
这类动词有：prefer, insist, order, advise, suggest, demand, require,
四、表达观点的形容词名词后的主语从句也要用虚拟
It's natural that he (should) lead the team.
It’ s high/ about time you (should) go to work.
It's a pity that he (should) be such a guy who got his parents out of home.
It's surprising that he (should) have missed the last bus.

英语虚拟语气介绍

英语虚拟语气有:
动词原形，动词过去式，had+过去分词，时态助动词should+动原，时态助动词should+have+过去分词，should/would +动原

英语虚拟语气疑问

for+句子（不是从句）：没有虚拟语气。

for如果表示原因，不属于引导词，而是个并列连词，表示推断性原因。不用于虚拟语气。

如： The spring has e for the birds are singing.

for fear that+从句可用于虚拟。

在for fear that，in case，lest引导的从句中，若用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为：（should） + do。并且should能省略（for fear that，lest），in case不能省略

She examined the door again for fear that a thief (should) e in.
她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。

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