基本药物概念哪年提出 药物传递系统(DDS)的概念是什么?
药物传递系统(DDS)的概念是什么?
药物传输系统(Drug Delivery Systems,DDS)系指人们在防治疾病的过程中所采用的各种治疗药物的不同给药形式,在60年代以前的药剂学中称为剂型。
如注射剂、片剂、胶囊剂、贴片、气雾剂等。
随着科学的进步,剂型的发展已远远超越其原有的内涵,需要用药物传输系统或给药器(Device)这类术语加以表述,即原由药物与辅料制成的各种剂型已满足不了临床治疗的需要,有的将药物制成输注系统供用,有的则采用钛合金制成给药器植入体内应用,使临床用药更理想化。
为克服普通制剂的有效血浓维持时间短的缺陷,出现了长效注射剂,口服长效给药系统或缓/控释制剂、经皮给药系统等一系列新的制剂。
由于缓/控释制剂的特点,它的市场前景看好。
缓释制剂通常是指口服给药后能在机体内缓慢释放药物,使达有效血浓,并能维持相当长时间的制剂。
控释制剂系指释药速度仅受给药系统本身的控制,而不受外界条件,如pH、酶、离子、胃肠蠕动等因素的影响,是按设计好的程序控制释药的制剂,如零级释药的渗透泵,脉冲释药的微丸,结肠定位释药的片剂或胶囊以及自动调节释药的胰岛素给药器等等。
The term "drug delivery systems" refers to both the construct of the drug – its delivery vehicle – and its method of administration.
New Drug Delivery Vehicles
Some of the major vehicles being researched for delivering drugs are:
anic and synthetic polymers, and other chemical constructs that can release drugs at a sustained rate, or release them only in certain environments; and,
Liposomes.
New Methods of Administration
Medicated skin patches,
Implanted devices that can release drugs with an external remote control; and,
Powder forms of traditional drugs which can be inhaled and absorbed through the lungs.
参考资料:://biobasics.gc.ca/english/View.asp?x=785
