英语单词词义辨析 词汇精选：vain的用法和辨析

词汇精选：vain的用法和辨析  

一、详细释义：,adj.,空虚的；无价值的；无意义的,例句：,This is a vain and fleeting thing.,这是一种空虚的、转瞬即逝的东西。,例句：,He wasted his time in the vain pleasures of smoking and drinking.,他在吸菸喝酒这种空虚的快乐中虚度年华。,徒劳的；无效的,例句：,It is vain to attempt to root out heresy by force.,试图用暴力消除异端邪说是徒劳的。,例句：,All their attempts to rescue the child from the burning building were in vain.,他们想从燃烧的大楼中救出小孩的所有尝试都是徒劳的。,自负的；爱虚荣的,例句：,She's one of those vain people who can't pass a mirror without looking into it.,她属于那种爱虚荣的人，每到一面镜子前都非要照一照不可。,例句：,She is vain and extravagant.,她既爱虚荣又奢侈。,二、词义辨析：,haughty,proud,arrogant,vain,这些形容词都有“骄傲的，傲慢的”之意。haughty较正式用词，多用于贬义。指对身份或地位比自己低的人采取冷淡、轻视或鄙互的态度。proud含义广，普通用词。褒义指自豪和荣耀以及强烈的自尊；贬义则指傲慢，自以为是或自鸣得意。arrogant用于贬义，指过高估计自己，以致骄傲自大或傲慢无礼，目中无人。vain指一个对自己的外表或对自己留给别的印象太过分地关注，以致自命不凡，自鸣得意。,三、相关短语：,in vain,徒然地,无效地,无结果地,四、参考例句：,She is vain and extravagant.,她既爱虚荣又奢侈。,It was a vain effort.,这种努力是徒劳无益的。,It was a vain effort.,这种努力是徒劳无益的。,When prayer so often proves in vain.,当信徒们徒劳无功地证明。,She's just a vain, foolish woman.,她不过是个愚蠢自负的女人。,He was self-important, vain and ignorant.,他傲慢自负，虚荣无知。,She is vain of her voice.,她自以为她的声音了不起。,This is a vain and fleeting thing.,这是一种空虚的、转瞬即逝的东西。,Vain glorious people are susceptible to flattery.,虚荣的人易受谄媚。,She is as vain as a peacock.,她极其自负,跟一只孔雀一样。