环境污染的特点有哪4个 时尚双语:环境污染 造成生男孩越来越难

时尚双语:环境污染 造成生男孩越来越难  

The soaring number of gender-bending chemicals in the environment has disturbing fertility implications for humans and wildlife
scientists are warning.
They say wild animals are being "feminised" by a host of mon man-made pollutants which mimic the female sex hormone oestrogen and escape into seas
rivers
the earth and air when waste is disposed of.
The chemicals--found in food packaging
cleaning products
plastics
sewage and paint--cause genital deformities
reduce sperm count and even turn males into females.
Dozens of species--including polar bears
fish
whales and otters--are suffering
according to the environmental group ChemTrust.
Fish have been badly hit by man-made gender-bending chemicals. In one study
half the male fish in British lowland rivers had signs of being feminised.
But all vertebrates--or creatures with backbones--have similar sex hormone receptors in their bodies. "Therefore
observations in one species may serve to highlight pollution issues of concern for other vertebrates
including humans
" the report says.
Its author
Gywnne Lyons
a former government adviser on chemical-pollution
said: "Urgent action is needed to control gender-bending chemicals and more resources are needed for monitoring wildlife."
"If wildlife populations crash
it will be too late. Unless enough males contribute to the next generation there is a real threat to animal populations in the long term."
Some studies have shown that sperm counts in the West have fallen over the past 30 years. Others have shown a rise in boys born with genital deformities.
Communities heavily polluted with hormone-disrupting chemicals in Russia
Canada and Italy have produced ice as many girls as boys.

科学家警告说，环境中有越来越多可以改变性征的化学物，这对人类和野生动物的繁殖力产生了负面影响。
科学家说，由于一些产生雌性激素效应的人为污染物被处理时流失到大海、河流、土地以及空气中，因此，野生动物变得“雌性化”。
这些化学品可以在食物包装材料、清洗剂产品、塑料、污水和涂料中找到。他们可能会造成生殖器畸形、精子数量减少，甚至令雄性变成雌性。
据环保组织ChemTrust说，包括北极熊、鱼类、鲸鱼和水獭在内的数十种动物都受到了这种影响。
人为的改变性征的化学物对鱼类的影响特别大。一项研究显示，英国下游河流中一半左右的雄性鱼都有雌性化的迹象。
这项报告的作者格温·莱昂斯曾经担任政府在化学污染问题方面的顾问。她说，“我们需要采取紧急措施来控制这些改变性征的化学物。我们需要更多的资源来监测野生动物。”
“如果野生动物数目减少，那就会太晚了。除非有足够的雄性来繁衍新生代，否则长久以往，动物的数目将面临真正的威胁。”
其它一些研究显示，西方男性的精子数量在过去30年中有所下降。另外的调查显示，出生时生殖器畸形的男婴数目有所增加。
在俄罗斯、加拿大和意大利一些严重受到可以扰乱性征的化学物污染的地区，女婴的出生率要高过男婴一倍之多。