八年级下册历史第四课知识点 八年级英语下册第二单元重要知识点有哪些！急！

八年级英语下册第二单元重要知识点有哪些！急！  

八年级英语下册第二单元重要知识点有哪些！急！

Unit 2   What should I do?
【单元目标】
1．单词与短语
stereo, loud, argue, original, serious, style, wrong, argument, either, teen, talk, family, tutor, haircut, caller, except, upset
1.want sb. to do sth. 2.play one’s stereo 3 stay at home
4.argue with sb / have an argument with sb. 5.be out of style
6.write sb a letter/write to 7.talk about 8.on the phone
9. surprise sb. 10.pay for 11.get a part-time job 12.borrow sth. from sb.
13.ask sb. for… 14. have a bake sale 15.find out 16.be upset
17. call… up 18.the same as 19. get on well with sb. 20. return sth.
21.have a fight with sb. 22.from…to… 23. drop off 24.prepare for
25.after-school s 26.be used to 27.fill up 28.take the middle road
2．目标句型：
1. What should I do? 2. Why don’t you…? 3. You could …
4. You should… 5. You shouldn’t…
3．语法
情态动词的用法 Ⅰ
【重难点分析】
情态动词(Modal Verbs )Ⅰ
* 情态动词也可称为“情态助动词 (Modal Auxiliaries)”，因为它和基本助动词(be,do, have)都属于助动词类。
* 情态动词和其他动词连用，可表示说话人的语气。
* 情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。
* 情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
* 常用的情态动词有：can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would这九大情态动词；其他的还有ought to, need, dare 等。
一、九大情态动词的时态关系：
1. 现在式 can -- 过去式 could
2. 现在式 may -- 过去式 might
3. 现在式 shall -- 过去式 should
4. 现在式 will -- 过去式 would
5. 现在式 must -- 过去式 must （常用had to来代替）
二、情态动词表示“可能”或“预测”
(can, could, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to)
（1）can 和 could 用于表示“可能”或“预测”：
1. He can't be at home. (否定句)
他不可能在家。
2. Can the news be true? (将情态动词 can 置于主语 the news 前就成疑问句)
这讯息可能是真的吗?
3. Anybody can make mistake. (只表示理论上的可能性) 任何人都可能犯错误。
（2）may 和 might 用于表示“事实上的可能性”或“预测”：
1. It may rain tomorrow. (表示可能会发生) 明天可能会下雨。
2. It may snow later this afternoon. (表示预测) 今天下午可能会下雪。
3. You might be right. (表示有可能) 你可能是对的。
（3）will 和 would 用于表示“预测”或“习惯性”：
1. I think he will be all right now. (will be 表示一定会) 我想他现在一定好了。
2. That would be his mother.(would be 表示肯定是) 那肯定是他母亲。
3. He will sit there hour after hour looking at the river.(will 表示经常的)
他经常一连几个小时坐在那儿看着河水。
（4）shall 和 should 用于表示“必定”：
1. I shall be rich one day. (shall be ) 总有一天我会发达的。
2. That should be Sam and his mother. (should be) 那准是Sam 和他的母亲。
（5）must 用于表示“必定”，“必会”：
1. This must be good for you.(must be 肯定) 这肯定对你是有益的。
2. All mankind must die.(表示必然会发生的事) 所有的人一定会死的。
3. Mustn't there be a mistake? (mustn't 多用于疑问句) 那肯定会有错误吗？
三、情态动词表示“许可”、“请求”
(can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must)
（1）can 和 could 用于表示“许可”、“请求”：
1. Can I go with you? (请求) 我能跟你一起走吗？
2. Father said I could go to cinema. (表示过去的许可) 爸爸说我可以去看电影。
3. Could I ask you something ? (请求,用 could 比 can 更婉转) 我可以问你一件事吗？
（2）will 和 would 用于表示“请求”
1. Will you kindly tell me the way to the post office? (表示客气请求)
请问到邮局怎么走？
2. Would you give me your address? (用 would 比 will 表示更客气)
请你告诉我你的地址，好吗？
（3）shall 和 should 用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意见
1. Shall we talk? 我们谈谈好吗？
2. What should we do next? (用should 比 shall 表示更客气) 下一步我们该怎么做？
3. Shall he e to see you? (用于第三人称疑问句) 要不要他来看你？
（4）may 和 might 用于表示“许可”(口语中多用 can )
1. You may take a walk. (表示给予许可) 你可以散散步。
2. You might read the story for me. (比may更婉转) 是否请给我读一读这故事。
3.May I make a suggestion? 我可以提个建议吗？
4. Might I take a look of your work? 我看看您的大作行吗？
5. Students may not make noise in the library. (may not 表示不许可或禁止)
学生不得在图书馆里吵闹。
6. If I may say so, you are not right. (用于条件句，表示请求)
你是不对的，如果我可以这么说的话。
（5）must 用于表示“禁止”，“不准”：
1. Cars must not be parked here. (must not表示不许可) 此地不准停车。
2. All of you mustn't fishing in the pool. (must not 语气方面比 may not 更强)
你们不准在池里钓鱼。
四、重要短语和表达法(Key Words)
1．argue v．争论；争吵 argue with sb．与某人吵架
  I argued with my best friend．我和我的好朋友吵架了。
  Don’t argue with  him.  别和他争吵了。
  2．① either   adv.（用于否定句）也
  He doesn’t have any money, and I don’t, either．他没有钱，我也没有。
  I can’t play chess. She can’t, either.我不会下国际象棋，她也不会。
  ② too 也（用于肯定或疑问句）
  I’m a teacher．He is a teacher, too．我是老师，他也是老师。
  We are going hiking. Are they going hiking,too?我们要去徒步旅行,他们也要去吗？
  3．ask （sb．）for sth．向某人寻求某物；要……  
Don't ask for food every day．Go and find some work． 别天天要饭，找点儿工作做。
I don’t think you should ask your parents for some money.我想你不应向父母要钱。
If you have any problems, you can ask the policeman for help. 如果你有困难，可以向警察求助。
He didn't want to ask his teacher for his book back． 他不想向老师要回他的书了。
 4．the same as... 与……相同
The clothes are the same as my friends'．这些衣服与我朋友的一样。
Tom is the same age as Anna．＝ Tom is as old as Anna． 汤姆和安娜一样大。
Her backpack is the same as mine.    她的揹包与我的一样。
 5．except 除……以外；（不包括……在内）
My class has been invited except me．＝ Only I haven't been invited．
除我以外，我的同学都被邀请了。
All the students went to the park except him．＝ Only he didn't get to the park．
They all toured America except her. 
除了他以外，所有的学生都去美国旅行过。
besides 除……以外（包括在内）
We all went there besides him．＝ He went there．We went there, too．除他去以外，我们也都去了。
There are five more visitors besides me.除了我之外还有5倍访客
6．wrong adj．错误的；有毛病的；不合适的
Is there anything wrong with you?  你哪儿不舒服？
— What's wrong with you? 你怎么了?(你哪里不舒服?)
— I've got a headache．我头痛。
What’s wrong with your watch? It doesn't work.你的手表怎么了？它不走了。
adv．错误地；不正确地；不对地
He answered wrong．他答错了。
They knew they did wrong.  他们知道他们做错了。
7．get on well with sb．与某人相处融洽
The students will get on well with the teacher．学生会和老师相处得非常好。
We get on well with each other．我们彼此相处融洽。
Can she get on well with all the other students in her class?
她能与她班里所有的同学相处得好吗?
8．have a fight with sb．＝ fight with sb．与某人打架
I don‘t want to have a fight with my cousin． 我不想和我的堂兄打架。
They never fight with each other.They are really good friends.           
他们从不打架，他们的确是好朋友。  
五、主要句型(Key Sentences Structures)
What should I do?  You could write him a letter．
What should he do? Maybe he should say sorry to him
What should they do? They shouldn't argue． 
六、词语辨析
1. borrow sth. from sb.   从某人处借进某物
    lend sth. to sb.   把某物借给某人
    borrow sth. from sb.  是指该句的主语从别人处(往里)借进某物
例:He borrowed the dictionary from Lucy yesterday. 他昨天从露西处借了那本字典.
     lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth.
是指该句的主语把某物（往外）借给别人用
例如：Could you lend me your car? 请你借给我你的车用一下好吗？
2. ①get sb. to do…  使……做（以人为物件时，有“说服……使做……”的含义）
    He could get a tutor to e to his home. 他可以请一位家庭教师来他家。
    You’ll never get her to agree.  你决不可能使她同意。
②ask sb. to do…  邀请（人）做……
   We asked her to e to our party.我们请她来参加聚会
③ tell sb. to do…让某人做某事  例如：
    The teacher told him to finish the work that day. 老师那天让他完成那项工作。
3、be in style   时髦的，流行的
   be out of style    过时的，不时髦的
例： Look! Her new dress is in style.她的新裙子很时髦。
Those clothes are out of style.  那些衣服过时了。
七、课文解释
1、I don’t want to surprise him. 我不想让他感到意外。
    此处surprise是及物动词  surprise sb. 使某人感到吃惊
    eg. My friend always surprises me.
2、talk about it on the phone  用电话就此事进行交流
eg. Call Jim on the phone.  找吉姆听电话。
      Lily, you are wanted on the phone.  莉莉，你的电话
3、call sb. (up) =give sb. a call   给某人打电话
He called me (up) from New York.  他从纽约给我打来电话
=He gave me a call from New York.
4、write sb. a letter = write a letter to sb.    给某人写信
5、give him a ticket to a ball game.给他一张观看球赛的入场券
   eg. They got o tickets to tonight’s show. 他们搞了两张今晚表演的入场券。
6、She has the same haircut as I do.  她和我有相同的发型。
eg. Tim has the same clothes as his brother does.提姆和他的弟弟有相同的衣服。
7、find out （研究、努力的结果）发现，查出，找出
You should find out (the answer) for yourself.你应该自己去找答案。
8、Everyone else in my class was invited except me.
  除了我以外，我们班其他别的人都接到了邀请（信）
此句中else一词不能单独使用它必须跟在不定代词像“someone, anyone nobody”等词的后面，或跟在特殊疑问词像“what, where”等词的后面使用意思是“别的”
eg. What else do you know about it? 关于此事你还知道什么别的方面
9、I can’t think what I did wrong.  我真想不出我做错了什么。
此句中 what I did wrong是宾语从句，作think的宾语应用陈述语序。
10、I’m very upset and don’t know what to do.我很沮丧，不知该干什么。
此句中 what to do是不定式作know的宾语，可用宾语从句来代替。可以说成“I don’t know what I should do.”
11、There are a lot of things you could do. 有许多你能做的事。
此句中 you could do是定语从句，修饰前面的名词“things”
12、You left your homework at home.你把你的作业落在家里了。
Leave sth. +介词短语，是“把……忘在，落在（某处）的意思。
eg. He left his umbrella on the bus.他把伞忘在公交车上。
13、You should try to be funny.  你应该试着幽默一些。
   Try to do…努力做，试着做，尽量做
   而try not to do  是尽量不做……
eg. Please try not to be late again.  请尽量不要再迟到。
14、Their school days are busy enough.  他们的学校生活是够忙的。
  enough必须放在形容词/副词的后面,表示“足够……的”
eg. He is tall enough to reach that apple. 他足够高的可以够著那个苹果。
15、be under too much pressure.  在太多的压力下
16、see other children doing a lot of things    看别的孩子在做许多事
    see sb. doing    看见某人正在干某事
eg. We saw them playing basketball at that time.那时我们看见他们在打篮球 
17、find it hard to do sth.  发现做……（事）很难
      He found it hard to learn math well.  他发现学好数学很难

八年级下册英语第三单元知识点有哪些

Unit 3      What were you doing when the UFO arrived?

【单元目标】
1．单词与短语
well, buy, cut, land, while, experience, strange, around, follow, climb, shout, run, anywhere, happen, aident, modern, bright, silence, destroy, meaning, souvenir
1.get out (of) 2.in front of / in the front of 3. take off
4.buy for 5. land on 6. shout to / at 7.run away
8.e in 9.hear about  10.the Museum of Flight 
11.happen to 12.s doing 13.take place 14.as... as

2．目标句型：
1. What were you doing when...? 2. I was doing sth. when...
3. How about... / What about...? 4. What happened next?
5. While sth./sb. was doing sth., I did...
3．语法
1. 过去进行时
2. 情态动词的用法Ⅱ
【重难点分析】
一. 过去进行时
过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用，如：
    I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。
    They were waiting for you yesterday.他们昨天一直在等你。
        过去进行时的构成：
肯定形式：主语+was/were+V-ing
否定形式：主语+was not (wasn't)/were not (weren't)+V-ing
疑问形式：Was/Were+主语+V-ing。

基本用法：
1.过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有，at that time/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week…), at+点钟+yesterday (last night / Sunday…)，when sb. did sth等时间状语从句，如：
    What were you doing at 7p.m. yesterday? 昨天晚上七点你在干什么？
    I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. 我第一次遇到玛丽是在三年前，当时她在一家无线电商店工作。
    I was cooking when she knocked at the door. 她敲门时我正在做饭。
        2. when后通常用表示暂短性动词，while后通常用表示持续性动词，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如：
    When the car exploded I was walking past it.= While I was walking past the car it exploded.
        3.when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如：
    I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。
        4. when作并列连词，表示“（这时）突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如：
    I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇见了他。
    We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了。
二. 情态动词(Modal Verbs )Ⅱ

4、情态动词表示“应该”、“必须” （shall, should, may, might, must, ought to）
（1）shall 和 should 用于表示“必须”：
①. Each member shall wear a name card. (表示规定) 每一个会员必须配带名卡。
②. I should answer his letter as soon as possible. (表示应该) 我应该尽快给他回信。
③. You shouldn't judge a man always by the clothes. (shouldn't “不应该”含有劝告的意思)
你不应该总是以貌取人。
④. The rules shall take effect on Jan. 1st. (shall 用于规章等，表示义务和规定)
新规则于一月一日起生效。
（2）may 和 might 用于表示“应该"(多用于法律等条文，一般上多用 shall):
①. Payment may be paid by check.(表示规定) 应以支票付款。
②. You might ask before you use my puter. (might表示应该)
你应该先问过再使用我的电脑。
（3）must 用于表示“必须”、“务必”：
①. You must keep the place clean. (务必) 你务必保持地方干净。
②. We must obey orders. (表示有义务) 我们必须服从命令。
③. Must I pay now? (用于疑问句) (如回答不必时，需用 needn't 或 don't have to)
我现在就得付款吗？
5、情态动词表示“意图”、“打算”
(will, would, shall, should)
（1）will 和 would 用于表示某种意图：
①. I'll call you as soon as possible. (will 主要用于第一人称) 我会尽快打电话给你。
②. Will you aept this invitation? (用would 则表示更客气) 你愿意接受这邀请吗？
③. Who will do the job? (用于条件句，可用于各种人称) 谁愿意做这事？
④. We won't (will not) stay here too long. (will not 表示不愿) 我们不愿呆在这里太久。
（2）shall 和 should 用于表示说话人的意图：
  ①. We shan't (shall not) go if it rains. (shall not 也可用 will not)
如果下雨，我们就不打算走了。
②. I shan't go with you. (shall 只用在第一人称) 我不打算和你一同走。
6、情态动词表示“意愿”
（will, would, shall, should）
（1）will 和 would ：
①. She will do it if you ask her.(表示主语的意愿) 如果你问她，她会做的。
②. Would you have another cup of tea? (用 would 比 will 客气) 你想再来一杯茶吗？
③. Will you have some cookies? (will用于疑问句，表示问人是否愿意)你想吃些烤饼吗？
④. If he will, he can do it. (will 用于条件句，用于第二、三人称) 如果他愿意，他会做的。
⑤. Would you excuse me? (would 表示婉转语气) 你能原谅我吗？
（2）shall 和 should ：
①. He shall get his allowance. (注意是he shall, 表示说话人的意愿)他会拿到他的津贴的。
②. You should sit here as long as you like. 只要你乐意，坐多久能行。
③. Shall you go to school with me? (疑问句中，表示问对方的意愿)
你愿意和我一起到学校去吗？
三. 重点词汇
1．cut v．切；剪；割
cut (one’s)hair   理发
Be careful．Don't cut yourself．小心，别切到自己。

2．alien n．外星人
Nobody knows whether there are aliens or not．没人知道到底有没有外星人。
An alien got out of the UFO.  一个外星人从不明飞行物里出来。

3．land v．登岸；登陆；降落
The plane will land in ten minutes．飞机将在十分钟后降落。
A UFO landed in the middle of the field..  一个不明飞行物降落在田野中间。

4．while conj．当……的时候；在……之时
While I danced, she sang．我跳舞，她唱歌。
While he was singing, I was playing baseball.  他当时在唱歌，而我在打棒球。

5．right adv．正好；恰好
The aident happened right over there．事故正好发生在那里。
He lives right in the center of the city.  他恰好住在市中心。

6．surprised adj．惊奇的；吃惊的
I was surprised that he was late for the party．我很惊讶他聚会居然迟到了。
She was surprised that I didn’t know about that.  她很吃惊我竟不知那件事。

7．kid v．欺骗；哄骗
I'm not kidding you．我没有骗你。
You’re kidding = No kidding.   别开玩笑了。

8．anywhere adv．到处；无论哪里（用于否定句和一般疑问句中）
Did you go anywhere yesterday? 你昨天去没去过什么地方?
They didn’t go anywhere the day before yesterday. 他们前日天哪里也没去

9．happen v．发生
A funny thing happened in the subway yesterday． 昨天地铁里发生了一件有趣的事。 
What happened to him on that day?  那天他怎么了？（发生了什么事？）
sth. happen to +名词 发生于……身上
She hoped nothing bad would happen to him．她希望不会有坏事发生在他身上。

10．get out of 从……出去
She tried to get out of helping her mother．她尽量逃避帮助她的妈妈。
Tom got out of the lift and walked to the station.  汤姆走出电梯然后往车站走去。

11．run away 跑开；迅速离开；逃走
The thief ran away when someone noticed him．当有人注意到他的时候，那个贼立刻逃走了。

12．at the doctor's 在诊所；在医院 
I'm thinking of going to the tailor's．在表示诊所、店铺或某人的家时，经常用名词所有格的形式。
Mr. Cool’s = Mr. Cool’s clothes store at Jason’s = at Jason’s store
She is staying at Mary's．她住在玛莉家。
I want to go to the tailor’s.  我想到裁缝店去一趟。

13. see sb. Do sth. 看见某人做(过)某事
she saw the alien get out.  她看见外星人出来.

四．词语辨析
1、in front of 与in(at) the front of
in the front of  在……的前面 （表示“有距离的前面”，在一个参照物的前面）
e.g.: There is a car in front of the house.  房子前日面有一辆车
in(at) the front of  在……的前头，前排（列）（在一个范围内的前面部位）
eg. She sat in the front of the bus.  她坐在公交车的前排
 
2、get out of 与get into 是反义词
get into走进，进入
eg. He get out of the car and get into the building.
 
3、be amazing与be amazed
be amazing 令人惊奇的（修饰事物的，指某事令人惊奇，比surprising更具意外性
e.g.:She has an amazing talent for music.她在音乐方面有惊人的才华。
Isn’t that amazing .那不很令人意外吗？
 be amazed (at sth./to do …/that 从句)（某人）对…(因…而)大感惊讶(指人作主语)
eg. We were amazed at the news.=We were amazed to hear the news.
我们对这个讯息感到非常惊讶.
 
4、be surprising与 be surprised
be surprising令人惊奇的（用法与be amazing一样，也是修饰事物的）
e.g.:a surprising ending 一个令人惊奇的结局
be surprised (at sth./to do…/that从句) （某人）对…(因…而)感到惊奇，用法与be surprised
一样，也是人作主语。
eg. They were surprising that he was badly hurt in the audient. 他们很吃惊他在那次事故中伤得很重。
 
5、in a tree与 on a tree
eg. Are there any birds in the tree?  树上有些鸟吗？
on a tree 在树上（指长在树上的东西）
Look! There are many apples on the tree.
 
6、my flight to New York 与 fly to New York
前者是一个名词短语，后者是一个动词短语。
eg. Her flight to Paris is taking off at 2 p.m.
She is flying to Paris at 2 p.m.
 
五.课文解释：
1. You can imagine how strange it was!你可以想象这事有多惊奇！
eg. You can imagine how fast he runs!
 
2. I followed it to see where it was going
    follow sb. to do sth. 跟随…去做…
eg. Mr White followed his wife to see what was happening there.
 
3. She didn’t think about looking outside the station.
Think about (doing) sth. 她未想到去车站外看看.
 
4. say to sb.  对某人     say to oneself  自言自语
e.g.: He said to himself, “Don’t be afraid.” 他自言自语,“不要害怕”
 
5. look for  寻找（强调找的“过程”） find 找到（强调找的“结果”）
eg. He looked for his lost key everywhere but couldn’t find it.
 
6. It was difficult to get out of bed.  从床爬起来很难。
It is difficult/hard to do sth.  做某事很难。
He found that it was difficult to learn physics well.
 
7. be killed  被杀害  be destroyed by…  被……摧毁……

8. walk home together in silence  沉默著一起走回家
in silence  状语（状态）
   
9. Not all events in history are as terrible as this.
并不是所有的历史上的大事件都像此事这样可怕。
Not all  并不是所有的（部分否定）
As…as…  与……一样(as与as之间用形容词、副词的原级)
 
10. bee the first Chinese astronaut in space. 成为中国首位进入太空的宇航员
 
11. His flight around the Earth Lasted about 22 hours. 他的环绕地球的飞行持续了22个小时。
 
12. Do you think sth. good can e out of sth. terrible? 你认为坏事能变为好事吗？
请采纳答案，支援我一下。

八年级英语下册第三单元的知识点有哪些？

Unit 3      What were you doing when the UFO arrived?

【单元目标】
1．单词与短语
well, buy, cut, land, while, experience, strange, around, follow, climb, shout, run, anywhere, happen, aident, modern, bright, silence, destroy, meaning, souvenir
1.get out (of) 2.in front of / in the front of 3. take off
4.buy for 5. land on 6. shout to / at 7.run away
8.e in 9.hear about  10.the Museum of Flight 
11.happen to 12.s doing 13.take place 14.as... as

2．目标句型：
1. What were you doing when...? 2. I was doing sth. when...
3. How about... / What about...? 4. What happened next?
5. While sth./sb. was doing sth., I did...
3．语法
1. 过去进行时
2. 情态动词的用法Ⅱ
【重难点分析】
一. 过去进行时
过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用，如：
    I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。
    They were waiting for you yesterday.他们昨天一直在等你。
        过去进行时的构成：
肯定形式：主语+was/were+V-ing
否定形式：主语+was not (wasn't)/were not (weren't)+V-ing
疑问形式：Was/Were+主语+V-ing。

基本用法：
1.过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有，at that time/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week…), at+点钟+yesterday (last night / Sunday…)，when sb. did sth等时间状语从句，如：
    What were you doing at 7p.m. yesterday? 昨天晚上七点你在干什么？
    I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. 我第一次遇到玛丽是在三年前，当时她在一家无线电商店工作。
    I was cooking when she knocked at the door. 她敲门时我正在做饭。
        2. when后通常用表示暂短性动词，while后通常用表示持续性动词，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如：
    When the car exploded I was walking past it.= While I was walking past the car it exploded.
        3.when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如：
    I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。
        4. when作并列连词，表示“（这时）突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如：
    I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇见了他。
    We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了。
二. 情态动词(Modal Verbs )Ⅱ

4、情态动词表示“应该”、“必须” （shall, should, may, might, must, ought to）
（1）shall 和 should 用于表示“必须”：
①. Each member shall wear a name card. (表示规定) 每一个会员必须配带名卡。
②. I should answer his letter as soon as possible. (表示应该) 我应该尽快给他回信。
③. You shouldn't judge a man always by the clothes. (shouldn't “不应该”含有劝告的意思)
你不应该总是以貌取人。
④. The rules shall take effect on Jan. 1st. (shall 用于规章等，表示义务和规定)
新规则于一月一日起生效。
（2）may 和 might 用于表示“应该"(多用于法律等条文，一般上多用 shall):
①. Payment may be paid by check.(表示规定) 应以支票付款。
②. You might ask before you use my puter. (might表示应该)
你应该先问过再使用我的电脑。
（3）must 用于表示“必须”、“务必”：
①. You must keep the place clean. (务必) 你务必保持地方干净。
②. We must obey orders. (表示有义务) 我们必须服从命令。
③. Must I pay now? (用于疑问句) (如回答不必时，需用 needn't 或 don't have to)
我现在就得付款吗？
5、情态动词表示“意图”、“打算”
(will, would, shall, should)
（1）will 和 would 用于表示某种意图：
①. I'll call you as soon as possible. (will 主要用于第一人称) 我会尽快打电话给你。
②. Will you aept this invitation? (用would 则表示更客气) 你愿意接受这邀请吗？
③. Who will do the job? (用于条件句，可用于各种人称) 谁愿意做这事？
④. We won't (will not) stay here too long. (will not 表示不愿) 我们不愿呆在这里太久。
（2）shall 和 should 用于表示说话人的意图：
  ①. We shan't (shall not) go if it rains. (shall not 也可用 will not)
如果下雨，我们就不打算走了。
②. I shan't go with you. (shall 只用在第一人称) 我不打算和你一同走。
6、情态动词表示“意愿”
（will, would, shall, should）
（1）will 和 would ：
①. She will do it if you ask her.(表示主语的意愿) 如果你问她，她会做的。
②. Would you have another cup of tea? (用 would 比 will 客气) 你想再来一杯茶吗？
③. Will you have some cookies? (will用于疑问句，表示问人是否愿意)你想吃些烤饼吗？
④. If he will, he can do it. (will 用于条件句，用于第二、三人称) 如果他愿意，他会做的。
⑤. Would you excuse me? (would 表示婉转语气) 你能原谅我吗？
（2）shall 和 should ：
①. He shall get his allowance. (注意是he shall, 表示说话人的意愿)他会拿到他的津贴的。
②. You should sit here as long as you like. 只要你乐意，坐多久能行。
③. Shall you go to school with me? (疑问句中，表示问对方的意愿)
你愿意和我一起到学校去吗？
三. 重点词汇
1．cut v．切；剪；割
cut (one’s)hair   理发
Be careful．Don't cut yourself．小心，别切到自己。

2．alien n．外星人
Nobody knows whether there are aliens or not．没人知道到底有没有外星人。
An alien got out of the UFO.  一个外星人从不明飞行物里出来。

3．land v．登岸；登陆；降落
The plane will land in ten minutes．飞机将在十分钟后降落。
A UFO landed in the middle of the field..  一个不明飞行物降落在田野中间。

4．while conj．当……的时候；在……之时
While I danced, she sang．我跳舞，她唱歌。
While he was singing, I was playing baseball.  他当时在唱歌，而我在打棒球。

5．right adv．正好；恰好
The aident happened right over there．事故正好发生在那里。
He lives right in the center of the city.  他恰好住在市中心。

6．surprised adj．惊奇的；吃惊的
I was surprised that he was late for the party．我很惊讶他聚会居然迟到了。
She was surprised that I didn’t know about that.  她很吃惊我竟不知那件事。

7．kid v．欺骗；哄骗
I'm not kidding you．我没有骗你。
You’re kidding = No kidding.   别开玩笑了。

8．anywhere adv．到处；无论哪里（用于否定句和一般疑问句中）
Did you go anywhere yesterday? 你昨天去没去过什么地方?
They didn’t go anywhere the day before yesterday. 他们前日天哪里也没去

9．happen v．发生
A funny thing happened in the subway yesterday． 昨天地铁里发生了一件有趣的事。 
What happened to him on that day?  那天他怎么了？（发生了什么事？）
sth. happen to +名词 发生于……身上
She hoped nothing bad would happen to him．她希望不会有坏事发生在他身上。

10．get out of 从……出去
She tried to get out of helping her mother．她尽量逃避帮助她的妈妈。
Tom got out of the lift and walked to the station.  汤姆走出电梯然后往车站走去。

11．run away 跑开；迅速离开；逃走
The thief ran away when someone noticed him．当有人注意到他的时候，那个贼立刻逃走了。

12．at the doctor's 在诊所；在医院 
I'm thinking of going to the tailor's．在表示诊所、店铺或某人的家时，经常用名词所有格的形式。
Mr. Cool’s = Mr. Cool’s clothes store at Jason’s = at Jason’s store
She is staying at Mary's．她住在玛莉家。
I want to go to the tailor’s.  我想到裁缝店去一趟。

13. see sb. Do sth. 看见某人做(过)某事
she saw the alien get out.  她看见外星人出来.

四．词语辨析
1、in front of 与in(at) the front of
in the front of  在……的前面 （表示“有距离的前面”，在一个参照物的前面）
e.g.: There is a car in front of the house.  房子前日面有一辆车
in(at) the front of  在……的前头，前排（列）（在一个范围内的前面部位）
eg. She sat in the front of the bus.  她坐在公交车的前排
 
2、get out of 与get into 是反义词
get into走进，进入
eg. He get out of the car and get into the building.
 
3、be amazing与be amazed
be amazing 令人惊奇的（修饰事物的，指某事令人惊奇，比surprising更具意外性
e.g.:She has an amazing talent for music.她在音乐方面有惊人的才华。
Isn’t that amazing .那不很令人意外吗？
 be amazed (at sth./to do …/that 从句)（某人）对…(因…而)大感惊讶(指人作主语)
eg. We were amazed at the news.=We were amazed to hear the news.
我们对这个讯息感到非常惊讶.
 
4、be surprising与 be surprised
be surprising令人惊奇的（用法与be amazing一样，也是修饰事物的）
e.g.:a surprising ending 一个令人惊奇的结局
be surprised (at sth./to do…/that从句) （某人）对…(因…而)感到惊奇，用法与be surprised
一样，也是人作主语。
eg. They were surprising that he was badly hurt in the audient. 他们很吃惊他在那次事故中伤得很重。
 
5、in a tree与 on a tree
eg. Are there any birds in the tree?  树上有些鸟吗？
on a tree 在树上（指长在树上的东西）
Look! There are many apples on the tree.
 
6、my flight to New York 与 fly to New York
前者是一个名词短语，后者是一个动词短语。
eg. Her flight to Paris is taking off at 2 p.m.
She is flying to Paris at 2 p.m.
 
五.课文解释：
1. You can imagine how strange it was!你可以想象这事有多惊奇！
eg. You can imagine how fast he runs!
 
2. I followed it to see where it was going
    follow sb. to do sth. 跟随…去做…
eg. Mr White followed his wife to see what was happening there.
 
3. She didn’t think about looking outside the station.
Think about (doing) sth. 她未想到去车站外看看.
 
4. say to sb.  对某人     say to oneself  自言自语
e.g.: He said to himself, “Don’t be afraid.” 他自言自语,“不要害怕”
 
5. look for  寻找（强调找的“过程”） find 找到（强调找的“结果”）
eg. He looked for his lost key everywhere but couldn’t find it.
 
6. It was difficult to get out of bed.  从床爬起来很难。
It is difficult/hard to do sth.  做某事很难。
He found that it was difficult to learn physics well.
 
7. be killed  被杀害  be destroyed by…  被……摧毁……

8. walk home together in silence  沉默著一起走回家
in silence  状语（状态）
   
9. Not all events in history are as terrible as this.
并不是所有的历史上的大事件都像此事这样可怕。
Not all  并不是所有的（部分否定）
As…as…  与……一样(as与as之间用形容词、副词的原级)
 
10. bee the first Chinese astronaut in space. 成为中国首位进入太空的宇航员
 
11. His flight around the Earth Lasted about 22 hours. 他的环绕地球的飞行持续了22个小时。
 
12. Do you think sth. good can e out of sth. terrible? 你认为坏事能变为好事吗？

八年级上册英语6单元重要知识点 求！

六单元我们目前学了几个重点短语：
同级比较 as+形容词（原级）/副词+as 不同级比较 not+as+adj+as
more ... than .... both and both like both of
然后就是要记住各个形容词的比较级，个别双音节及多音节的比较级的特殊形式，这些都是考试必考的

仁爱英语八年级上册第二单元第二话题A部分的知识点有哪些

1.
情态动词must及其否定形式musi not
must译为必须做 其否定 don't have to 表示，而不用must not
must not译为禁止做....如
eg: you must not throw litter about .禁止到处乱丢垃圾
2.
情态动词may
may有两种意思，（1）表示请求允许，译作可以 如；May I e in?我可以进来吗？
（2）表推测译为可能 如，
you may get a headache when you work too hard.当你工作太累时你可能会感到头痛。
3
（1）need 做实义动词 need to do sth需要做...
（2）做情态动词+V原（动词原形）
4.
enough（1）做adj 时为足够的，修饰名词时放于名词前，也可放在名词后（形前名后）
（2）做adv时为足够地，修饰形容词或副词时一般放在形容词或副词后面
5.
too much+不可数名词 表太多的..
much too+形容词 表太....
希望能采纳，我打了好久的字

八年级上册英语第二单元知识点总结

Unit 2 what’s the matter?
一．重点短语归纳
1. foot---feet 脚 <复> tooth---teeth 牙齿 <复>
2. have a cold 感冒
3. have a stomachache 胃疼
4. have a sore back背疼
5. have a sore throat喉咙疼
6. have a fever发烧
7. lie down and (have a)rest 躺下休息 have a rest 休息
8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶
9. see a dentist 看牙医 see a doctor 看医生
10.drink lots of water多喝水
11.lots of ,a lot of, a lot
a lot of=lots of，可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，一般用在肯定句中。：
There are lots of （ a lot of） books in our library.
There is a lot of water on the ground
a lot,是一个副词片语，跟动词连用；表示十分，很等意思； Thanks a lot.
12. have a toothache牙疼
13. That’s a good idea好主意
14. go to bed 去睡觉 go to bed early 早上床睡觉
15. feel well感到好 feel ill 感到不舒服
I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well
我感觉不舒服.
16. start doing/ to do sth开始做某事
TO DO 是一件事情完成了，开始做另外一件事情
DOING是原来的那件事情做到一半，现在又开始做了，是同一件事情。
17. o days ago两天前
18. get some rest 多休息, 休息一会儿
19. I think so我认为是这样
20. be thirsty口渴
21. be hungry 饥饿
22. be stressed out紧张
23. listen to music听音乐
24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式
25. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医
26. need to do sth 需要做某事
I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist. 我牙痛, 我需要去看牙医.
We need to keep our classroom clean. 我们需要保持教室的干净.
27. a balance of yin and yang阴阳平衡
28. for example例如
29. too much yin太多的阴, 阴气太盛
too much + 不可数名词 太多的…
much too +形/副 实在太… 极其，非常
too many + 可数名词复数 太多的…
30.be good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 ，对什么有好处
be bad for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有害
be good to 对…好
be good at =do well in 在……方面好，擅长
be good(bad) for、be good at的相关用法
1.be good for 对......有益
Doing morning exercises is good for your health.
做早操对你们的建康有益。
2.be good at 擅长于......
Li Ping is good at basketball.　李平擅长于篮球。
= Li Ping is good at playing basketball.　李平擅长于打篮球。
be good at = do well in 如：
I'm good at math. = I do well in math.　我擅长于数学。
3.be good to 对......好
Parents are always good to their children.父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。 31.get good grades 取得好成绩
32.angry 用法 be angry with sb生某人的气
I was angry with him for keeping me waiting. 我对他很生气，因为他让我等了好久。
be angry at/ about sth 就某事生气
33.Chinese medicine 中药
34.be popular in + some place 在某地很流行
Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries. 现在中药在许多西方国家受欢迎。
35.in western countries在西方国家
36.It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 It’s important to do sth . 做某事很重要。
37.balanced diet平衡饮食
38.get tired 感到疲倦 be/get tired
39.go out at night在晚上出去
When you are tired, you shouldn’t go out at night. 疲倦时，晚上你不该外出
40.stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health
41.at the moment此时，此刻= now
I’m not feeling very well at the moment
42.enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词)喜欢某物,
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like dong sth
enjoy oneself (myself, yourself,herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself
反身代词) 玩得高兴，过得愉快=have a good time = have a wonderful time =have fun
43. conversation practice会话练习
44. host family 寄宿家庭
45. have a lot of headaches经常疼痛
I’m tired and I have a lot of headaches. 我很疲劳，而且经常头痛。
46. a few + 可数名词复数 少许…
a little + 不可数名词/形/副 一点…
47.He shouldn’t eat anything
=He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西.
48.give sb some advice给某人建议give advice 提出建议
advice 是不可数名词
a piece of advice 一则建议 take one’s advice 采纳或听从某人的建议
He gave me some good advice.
他向我提了一些很好的意见。
49.sleep 8 hours a night每晚睡眠八小时
50.take medicine 吃药 服药
I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因为感冒，我不得不一天吃三次药。
二 固定结构
It’s +形 + for sb. + to do sth.
做某事对某人来说是…的。
It’s important to do sth .做某事很重要。
It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的.
It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。
It’s easy for us to find out the answer. 找出答案对我们来说是容易的
三．重点句子
1.What’s the matter ? What’s the mater with you ? 你怎么啦？
=What’s the trouble with you?=What’s wrong with you?
I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache
2.That’s too bad. You should / shouldn’t … 那太糟糕了. 你应该/不该…
You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor .
He shouldn’t eat anything = He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西.
3.I’m not felling well . 这里well表示身体状况，不能用good代替
I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well 我感觉不舒服.
4.When did it start ? About o days ago . 什么时候开始的？大约两天前
5.I hope you fell better soon . 我希望你很快好起来
这里better是well的比较级
6.Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy. 传统中医认为我们需要阴阳调和以保持身体健康。
这里 to be healthy是动词不定式短语，作目的状语
7.You should eat hot yang foods, like beef. 你应该吃一些像牛肉之类的阳性食物。
8.Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this.
吃党参和黄芪等草本植物也对这有好处。
9.People who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang.
太紧张易怒的人或许吃了太多的阳性食物。too much后跟不可数名词，而too many后跟可数名词复数
10.It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and it’s important to eat a balanced diet . 有一个健康的生活方式很容易，饮食平衡是很重要的。
→ It’s easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / It’s important to do sth . 做某事重要
11.You should rest for a few nights. 你应该休息几个晚上
12.I study late every night, sometimes until 2 am, but I don’t think I’m improving.
我每天晚上学到很晚，有时到凌晨2点钟，但我认为我没有提高。
13believe in 信任某人，强调品质，believe sb.相信某人的话
I believe him, but I can’t believe in him. 他的话是真的，但是我不信任他这个人。
14 .I have a toothache . I need to see a dentist .
→ need意思为 “需要” ，作实义动词时，后跟动词不定式，否定式为don’t /doesn’t / didn’t need (to do sth.) ；作情态动词时，只能用于否定句或疑问句中，否定式为needn’t(do sth.) ，除有过去式外，没有其它的形态变化
四．知识结构
○1.情态动词should的用法
should是情态动词，它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化，意为"应该......"。
should（应当，应该）用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。
eg. You should wait a little more.
你应该再多等一会儿。
--- I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厉害。
--- You should lie down and have a rest.你应该躺下，多喝水。
○2maybe与may be
1.maybe是副词，译为“也许、可能”，相当于“perhaps”。如：
Maybe he can answer the question.　也许他能回答那个问题。
He maybe is from the USA, too. 　他可能也来自美国。
2.may be中的may为情态动词，译为“可能是......”。如：
He may be from the USA, too.　 他可能也来自美国。
She may be our English teacher.　她可能是我们的英语老师
○3too many,too much与much too
1.too many意为“太多”，用于修饰可数名词的复数。如：
There are too many students in our class.我们班上有太多的学生。
2.too much意为“太多”，用于修饰不可数名词。如：
We have too much work to do. 　我们有太多的工作要做。
3.much too表示“太”，用来修饰形容词或副词。如：
The box is much too heavy, so I can't carry it.
箱子太重了，所以我搬不动它。
○4 few、a few、little、a little的区别和联络：
1.few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；a few表示有肯定意思， 有几个。 例如：
He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。
There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。
2.little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。
a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。 例如：
There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink?
我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？
○5 not…until 直到 …(否定句) 才，动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词
She didn’t leave until we came.
He went shopping after he got up.
=He didn’t go shopping until /before he got up.
……until/till 直到••• （肯定句）动词为延续性动词
We stayed here till/until 12 o’clock.

七年级上册第八单元英语有哪些重要知识点

给你说几个重要的:
一:watch …on TV.（在电视上观看…）
二:want sth. want to do sth. want sb to do sth.
三:sell sb sth.转换同义句sell sth to sb.四:buy sb sth.转换同义句buy sth for sb.
请采纳

八年级下册第二单元英语复习重点

Unit 2   What should I do?
【单元目标】
1．单词与短语
stereo, loud, argue, original, serious, style, wrong, argument, either, teen, talk, family, tutor, haircut, caller, except, upset
1.want sb. to do sth. 2.play one’s stereo 3 stay at home
4.argue with sb / have an argument with sb. 5.be out of style
6.write sb a letter/write to 7.talk about 8.on the phone
9. surprise sb. 10.pay for 11.get a part-time job 12.borrow sth. from sb.
13.ask sb. for… 14. have a bake sale 15.find out 16.be upset
17. call… up 18.the same as 19. get on well with sb. 20. return sth.
21.have a fight with sb. 22.from…to… 23. drop off 24.prepare for
25.after-school s 26.be used to 27.fill up 28.take the middle road
2．目标句型：
1. What should I do? 2. Why don’t you…? 3. You could …
4. You should… 5. You shouldn’t…
3．语法
情态动词的用法 Ⅰ
【重难点分析】
情态动词(Modal Verbs )Ⅰ
* 情态动词也可称为“情态助动词 (Modal Auxiliaries)”，因为它和基本助动词(be,do, have)都属于助动词类。
* 情态动词和其他动词连用，可表示说话人的语气。
* 情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。
* 情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
* 常用的情态动词有：can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would这九大情态动词；其他的还有ought to, need, dare 等。
一、九大情态动词的时态关系：
1. 现在式 can -- 过去式 could
2. 现在式 may -- 过去式 might
3. 现在式 shall -- 过去式 should
4. 现在式 will -- 过去式 would
5. 现在式 must -- 过去式 must （常用had to来代替）
二、情态动词表示“可能”或“预测”
(can, could, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to)
（1）can 和 could 用于表示“可能”或“预测”：
1. He can't be at home. (否定句)
他不可能在家。
2. Can the news be true? (将情态动词 can 置于主语 the news 前就成疑问句)
这讯息可能是真的吗?
3. Anybody can make mistake. (只表示理论上的可能性) 任何人都可能犯错误。
（2）may 和 might 用于表示“事实上的可能性”或“预测”：
1. It may rain tomorrow. (表示可能会发生) 明天可能会下雨。
2. It may snow later this afternoon. (表示预测) 今天下午可能会下雪。
3. You might be right. (表示有可能) 你可能是对的。
（3）will 和 would 用于表示“预测”或“习惯性”：
1. I think he will be all right now. (will be 表示一定会) 我想他现在一定好了。
2. That would be his mother.(would be 表示肯定是) 那肯定是他母亲。
3. He will sit there hour after hour looking at the river.(will 表示经常的)
他经常一连几个小时坐在那儿看着河水。
（4）shall 和 should 用于表示“必定”：
1. I shall be rich one day. (shall be ) 总有一天我会发达的。
2. That should be Sam and his mother. (should be) 那准是Sam 和他的母亲。
（5）must 用于表示“必定”，“必会”：
1. This must be good for you.(must be 肯定) 这肯定对你是有益的。
2. All mankind must die.(表示必然会发生的事) 所有的人一定会死的。
3. Mustn't there be a mistake? (mustn't 多用于疑问句) 那肯定会有错误吗？
三、情态动词表示“许可”、“请求”
(can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must)
（1）can 和 could 用于表示“许可”、“请求”：
1. Can I go with you? (请求) 我能跟你一起走吗？
2. Father said I could go to cinema. (表示过去的许可) 爸爸说我可以去看电影。
3. Could I ask you something ? (请求,用 could 比 can 更婉转) 我可以问你一件事吗？
（2）will 和 would 用于表示“请求”
1. Will you kindly tell me the way to the post office? (表示客气请求)
请问到邮局怎么走？
2. Would you give me your address? (用 would 比 will 表示更客气)
请你告诉我你的地址，好吗？
（3）shall 和 should 用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意见
1. Shall we talk? 我们谈谈好吗？
2. What should we do next? (用should 比 shall 表示更客气) 下一步我们该怎么做？
3. Shall he e to see you? (用于第三人称疑问句) 要不要他来看你？
（4）may 和 might 用于表示“许可”(口语中多用 can )
1. You may take a walk. (表示给予许可) 你可以散散步。
2. You might read the story for me. (比may更婉转) 是否请给我读一读这故事。
3.May I make a suggestion? 我可以提个建议吗？
4. Might I take a look of your work? 我看看您的大作行吗？
5. Students may not make noise in the library. (may not 表示不许可或禁止)
学生不得在图书馆里吵闹。
6. If I may say so, you are not right. (用于条件句，表示请求)
你是不对的，如果我可以这么说的话。
（5）must 用于表示“禁止”，“不准”：
1. Cars must not be parked here. (must not表示不许可) 此地不准停车。
2. All of you mustn't fishing in the pool. (must not 语气方面比 may not 更强)
你们不准在池里钓鱼。
四、重要短语和表达法(Key Words)
1．argue v．争论；争吵 argue with sb．与某人吵架
  I argued with my best friend．我和我的好朋友吵架了。
  Don’t argue with  him.  别和他争吵了。
  2．① either   adv.（用于否定句）也
  He doesn’t have any money, and I don’t, either．他没有钱，我也没有。
  I can’t play chess. She can’t, either.我不会下国际象棋，她也不会。
  ② too 也（用于肯定或疑问句）
  I’m a teacher．He is a teacher, too．我是老师，他也是老师。
  We are going hiking. Are they going hiking,too?我们要去徒步旅行,他们也要去吗？
  3．ask （sb．）for sth．向某人寻求某物；要……  
Don't ask for food every day．Go and find some work． 别天天要饭，找点儿工作做。
I don’t think you should ask your parents for some money.我想你不应向父母要钱。
If you have any problems, you can ask the policeman for help. 如果你有困难，可以向警察求助。
He didn't want to ask his teacher for his book back． 他不想向老师要回他的书了。
 4．the same as... 与……相同
The clothes are the same as my friends'．这些衣服与我朋友的一样。
Tom is the same age as Anna．＝ Tom is as old as Anna． 汤姆和安娜一样大。
Her backpack is the same as mine.    她的揹包与我的一样。
 5．except 除……以外；（不包括……在内）
My class has been invited except me．＝ Only I haven't been invited．
除我以外，我的同学都被邀请了。
All the students went to the park except him．＝ Only he didn't get to the park．
They all toured America except her. 
除了他以外，所有的学生都去美国旅行过。
besides 除……以外（包括在内）
We all went there besides him．＝ He went there．We went there, too．除他去以外，我们也都去了。
There are five more visitors besides me.除了我之外还有5倍访客
6．wrong adj．错误的；有毛病的；不合适的
Is there anything wrong with you?  你哪儿不舒服？
— What's wrong with you? 你怎么了?(你哪里不舒服?)
— I've got a headache．我头痛。
What’s wrong with your watch? It doesn't work.你的手表怎么了？它不走了。
adv．错误地；不正确地；不对地
He answered wrong．他答错了。
They knew they did wrong.  他们知道他们做错了。
7．get on well with sb．与某人相处融洽
The students will get on well with the teacher．学生会和老师相处得非常好。
We get on well with each other．我们彼此相处融洽。
Can she get on well with all the other students in her class?
她能与她班里所有的同学相处得好吗?
8．have a fight with sb．＝ fight with sb．与某人打架
I don‘t want to have a fight with my cousin． 我不想和我的堂兄打架。
They never fight with each other.They are really good friends.           
他们从不打架，他们的确是好朋友。  
五、主要句型(Key Sentences Structures)
What should I do?  You could write him a letter．
What should he do? Maybe he should say sorry to him
What should they do? They shouldn't argue． 
六、词语辨析
1. borrow sth. from sb.   从某人处借进某物
    lend sth. to sb.   把某物借给某人
    borrow sth. from sb.  是指该句的主语从别人处(往里)借进某物
例:He borrowed the dictionary from Lucy yesterday. 他昨天从露西处借了那本字典.
     lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth.
是指该句的主语把某物（往外）借给别人用
例如：Could you lend me your car? 请你借给我你的车用一下好吗？
2. ①get sb. to do…  使……做（以人为物件时，有“说服……使做……”的含义）
    He could get a tutor to e to his home. 他可以请一位家庭教师来他家。
    You’ll never get her to agree.  你决不可能使她同意。
②ask sb. to do…  邀请（人）做……
   We asked her to e to our party.我们请她来参加聚会
③ tell sb. to do…让某人做某事  例如：
    The teacher told him to finish the work that day. 老师那天让他完成那项工作。
3、be in style   时髦的，流行的
   be out of style    过时的，不时髦的
例： Look! Her new dress is in style.她的新裙子很时髦。
Those clothes are out of style.  那些衣服过时了。
七、课文解释
1、I don’t want to surprise him. 我不想让他感到意外。
    此处surprise是及物动词  surprise sb. 使某人感到吃惊
    eg. My friend always surprises me.
2、talk about it on the phone  用电话就此事进行交流
eg. Call Jim on the phone.  找吉姆听电话。
      Lily, you are wanted on the phone.  莉莉，你的电话
3、call sb. (up) =give sb. a call   给某人打电话
He called me (up) from New York.  他从纽约给我打来电话
=He gave me a call from New York.
4、write sb. a letter = write a letter to sb.    给某人写信
5、give him a ticket to a ball game.给他一张观看球赛的入场券
   eg. They got o tickets to tonight’s show. 他们搞了两张今晚表演的入场券。
6、She has the same haircut as I do.  她和我有相同的发型。
eg. Tim has the same clothes as his brother does.提姆和他的弟弟有相同的衣服。
7、find out （研究、努力的结果）发现，查出，找出
You should find out (the answer) for yourself.你应该自己去找答案。
8、Everyone else in my class was invited except me.
  除了我以外，我们班其他别的人都接到了邀请（信）
此句中else一词不能单独使用它必须跟在不定代词像“someone, anyone nobody”等词的后面，或跟在特殊疑问词像“what, where”等词的后面使用意思是“别的”
eg. What else do you know about it? 关于此事你还知道什么别的方面
9、I can’t think what I did wrong.  我真想不出我做错了什么。
此句中 what I did wrong是宾语从句，作think的宾语应用陈述语序。
10、I’m very upset and don’t know what to do.我很沮丧，不知该干什么。
此句中 what to do是不定式作know的宾语，可用宾语从句来代替。可以说成“I don’t know what I should do.”
11、There are a lot of things you could do. 有许多你能做的事。
此句中 you could do是定语从句，修饰前面的名词“things”
12、You left your homework at home.你把你的作业落在家里了。
Leave sth. +介词短语，是“把……忘在，落在（某处）的意思。
eg. He left his umbrella on the bus.他把伞忘在公交车上。
13、You should try to be funny.  你应该试着幽默一些。
   Try to do…努力做，试着做，尽量做
   而try not to do  是尽量不做……
eg. Please try not to be late again.  请尽量不要再迟到。
14、Their school days are busy enough.  他们的学校生活是够忙的。
  enough必须放在形容词/副词的后面,表示“足够……的”
eg. He is tall enough to reach that apple. 他足够高的可以够著那个苹果。
15、be under too much pressure.  在太多的压力下
16、see other children doing a lot of things    看别的孩子在做许多事
    see sb. doing    看见某人正在干某事
eg. We saw them playing basketball at that time.那时我们看见他们在打篮球 
17、find it hard to do sth.  发现做……（事）很难
      He found it hard to learn math well.  他发现学好数学很难。
祝你学习进步，更上一层楼！请记得采纳，谢谢！(*^__^*)

八年级语文下册第二单元课文有哪些

一1《藤野先生》2《我的母亲》
· 3《我的第一本书》、4《列夫·托尔斯泰》、5《再塑生命》
·二 6《雪》、7《雷电颂》
· 8《短文两篇》9《海燕》10《组歌》
·三 11《敬畏自然》12《罗布泊,消逝的仙湖》
·13 《旅鼠之谜》14《大雁归来》15《喂――出来》
· 四16《云南的歌会》17《端午的鸭蛋》
· 18《吆喝》19《春酒》20《俗世奇人》 ·
· 五21《与朱元思书》、22《五柳先生传》
· 23《马说》24《送东阳马生序》25《诗词曲五首》
·六 26《小石潭记》27《岳阳楼记》28《醉翁亭记》
· 29《满井游记》30《诗五首》

八年级下册物理重要知识点

:hi.baidu./xue_shu_wei/blog/item/cdc43fdc995dd6a911663b.
:hi.baidu./xue_shu_wei/blog/item/32a0e22d80e3c733359bf7af.