被动语态的用法归纳思维导图 被动语态的用法

被动语态的用法  

被动语态的用法

含有双宾语的动词在变为被动语态时，有以下三种情形：
一、有些双宾动词(如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell等)在变为被动语态时，既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语)，也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语，而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for，与所搭配的动词有关)。比较：
He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。
→ She was given some money.
→Some money was given to him.
He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一快表。
→ A watch was bought for her.
→She was bought a watch.
二、有些双宾动词(如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write等)通常用直接宾语(指事物)作被动语态的主语，而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词to或for)：
Father made me a doll.
→ A doll was made for me.
He wrote her a letter.
→ A letter was written to her.
三、有些双宾动词(如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等)通常用间接宾语(指人)作被动语态的主语，而将直接宾语用作保留宾语：
He answered me that question.
→ I was answered that question by him

语态：语态表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系，指出谓语动词的动作是由主语发出的还是主语是动词的承受者。英语中有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。

1.主动语态：表示谓语动词的动作是由主语发出的。这时主语是动作的执行者。例如：

I have finished this work. 我完成了这件工作。（“have finished”这个动作是由“I”发出的，因此“I”就是动作的执行者。）

He went out when I got there.当我到那儿时，他出去了。

2.被动语态：当句子的主语是谓语动词的动作的承受者时，或者主语是动作的物件。因此，只有及物动词才有被动语态。例如：

He was punished by his father. 他受到他父亲的惩罚。(句中的“He”就是谓语动词“punished”的承受者。）

在被动语态的句子中，如果想强调动作的执行者时，用介词by加动作的执行者来表示。例如：

On the way home, he was beaten by Tom. 在回家的路上，他被汤姆打了。

The glass on the desk was broken by me. 桌子上的玻璃杯是我打碎的。

被动语态的用法：

常用的十种被动语态

被动语态的构成：助动词be ＋动词的过去分词。英语中最常用的被动语态有十种：

1.一般现在时：由am / are / is ＋done构成。例如：

I am often praised by the teachers. 我经常受到老师们的表扬。

He is a good teacher. He is respected by the teachers and his students. 他是位好老师，受到师生们的好评。

You are wanted on the phone.有你的电话。

2.一般过去时：由was / were＋done构成。例如：

I was asked to go to Harbin on business yesterday.我昨天被派往哈尔滨出差了。

This teaching building was pleted the day before yesterday.这栋教学大楼是前天竣工的。

She was criticized because she was late for school yesterday.由于昨天上学迟到，她受到了批评。

This novel was published in 1998. 这本小说是在1998年出版的。

3.一般将来时：由shall / will be＋done构成。例如：

The sports meeting will be put off.运动会将被推迟。

I am sure that we shall be invited to the party.我们肯定会被邀请参加舞会的。

He will be sent to work the United States.他将被派往美国去工作。

4.一般过去将来时：由should / would be ＋done构成。例如：

He told me that he would be asked to attend the opening ceremony.他告诉我说他将被邀请参加开幕式。

She said that the work would be done by herself.她说她将自己做此工作。

I asked him if he would be criticized by the teacher. 我问他是否会受到老师的批评。

5.现在进行时：由am / are / is ＋being＋done构成。例如：

The new teaching building is being built. 新的教学大楼正在修建。

The street in front of my house is being widened. 我家前面的那条街道正在加宽。

Listen! He is being punished by the teacher.听！老师在惩罚他。

6.过去进行时：由was/ were ＋being＋done构成。例如：

He realized that he was being made fun of.他意识到有人在取笑他。

When I got there, the case which happened five days ago was being investigated.

我到那儿时，五天前发生的案件正在调查。

My little brother was being scolded by my father when I got home.

我到家时，我小弟弟正在受我父亲的责备。

7.现在完成时：由have / has ＋been＋done构成。例如：

This class has been taught by me for three years. 这个班我已经教了三年了。

He has been praised since he came here.自从他来这儿以来，一直受到表扬。

This puter has been repaired. 这台电脑已经修好了。

This novel has been translated into English and French.这本小说已被译成了英语和法语。

8.过去完成时：由had ＋been＋done构成：例如：

By the time I came back, the work had been finished.到我回来时，此工作已经完成。

When I got there , he had been killed.我到那儿时，他已经被人杀害了。

He told me that production costs in their factory had been greatly reduced.他告诉我说他们工厂的生产成本大大地降低了。

9.将来完成时：由shall / will ＋have＋been＋done构成。例如：

The work will have been finished by the time I e back. 到我回来时此工作将已完成。

The new factory will have been pleted by the end of this month.到这个月末，这个新工厂将已竣工。

10.过去将来完成时：由should / would ＋have＋been＋done构成。例如：

It was reported that this building would have been pleted by the end of this month.据报道，这栋楼将在这个月未以前将已竣工。

He said that Book one would have been finished by the end of this term.他说到本学期末以前第一册书将已学完。

现将各种时态的被动语态的构成列表如下：

时间  现在  过 去 将来  过 去 将 来

一般时 am(are, is ) done

was / were done

shall / will be done  should / would be done

进行时

am (are, is )being done was /were being done

完成时 have(has)been done

had been done

shall / will have been done  would have been done

情态动词和一些特殊情况的被动态：

1.情态动词的被动语态的构成：情态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词。例如：

This work must be finished before tomorrow. 此工作必须在明天以前完成。

She should have been criticized for her carelessness in the exam.她在考试中粗心大意，本来应该受到批评。

He must have been injured in that aident.在那次事故中他一定受伤了。

As we have known, good things can be turned into bad things.众所周知，好事也能变成坏事。

2.have to do , ought to do , be to do , 和 be going to do的被动式是把do变成be done。例如：

If you think we are to be bullied, you are wrong.如果你认为我们好欺侮的话，你错了。

This book is going to be finished next week.这本书将在下周写完。

This problem ought to have been taken into consideration.这个问题本来应该考虑吗。

在以下情况用被动语态：  

1.不知道或也没有必要说明动作的执行者时：例如：

This city is well supplied with water.这个城市供水情况良好。

The meeting has been postponed till Friday.会议延期到星期五举行。

Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.请参观者不要用手摸展品。

2.当说话人强调动作的执行者时：例如：

This school was set up by me. 这所学校是我办的。

This teaching building was designed by my brother.这栋教学楼是我弟弟设计的。

常用的被动句句型 

1、主语＋get＋过去分词＋其他。

本句型在口语中用的比较多。其特点不能和by＋动作的执行者连用。例如：

She got killed in the First World War.她在第一次世界大战中被杀害。

He got dismissed from the factory yesterday.昨天他被工厂开除了。

This story eventually got translated into English. 这篇小说终于译成了英语。

2、主语＋be＋形容词＋to＋be＋过去分词＋其他。

本句型的特点：谓语是由两部分合成的。第一部分是“be＋形容词”起著辅助说明的作用；而第二部分是不定式的被动态，起著决定性的作用。例如：

She was unlucky to be injured in that aident.她不幸的是在事故中受伤。

No matter where you go, you are bound to be received warmly. 你无论到哪儿，一定会受到热情地接待。

Cast Iron is apt to be broken.生铁容易破裂。

3、主语＋谓语＋to be ＋过去分词＋其它。

本句型的特点：谓语由两部分构成。第一部分是主动态，而第二部分是被动语态，是此句型表达的主要内容。例如：

Would you like to be taught English? 你愿意学习英语吗？

He asked to be sent to work in the countryside after graduation.毕业之后他请求到农村去工作。

He seemed to be shut up in himself like a shellfish.他看来像贝壳似地把自己关闭起来，一点也不作声。

4、主语＋被动式谓语＋介词或者副词＋by执行者。

本句型的特点是：被动的谓语动词之后本来就带有介词或者副词，一定要注意介词和副词不能省略。例如：

She was well looked after when I was away.当我不在时，她被照顾得很好。

That man over there can be depended on. 那边的那个人是可以依赖的。

5、 It（形式主语）＋被动式谓语＋名词或者形容词＋实际主语＋其它。

本句型的特点：It是形式主语，实际主语应该是动词不定式短语、动词不定式复合结构（for sb. to do sth.）、动词名词的复合结构（one’s doing ）。例如：

It was found hard for us to master English in a year.我们已经发现要在一年之内精通英语是很难的。

It was proved right to do it.做那件事已经证明是正确的。

6、 It＋被动式谓语＋实际主语（that或者连线疑问代词或者连线疑问副词＋从句）。

本句型的特点：It的用法和句型5相同，是形式主语，实际主语是由that或者疑问代词或者疑问副词引导的从句。把实际主语放在句尾，就是平衡句子结构。例如：

It has been made clear who will take part in the sports meet.谁将参加运动会已经宣布了。

It has been decided when and where we are to hold the meeting. 我们何时何地举行会议，已经决定了。

7、主语＋被动式谓语＋（介词）＋保留宾语＋（by＋执行者）。例如：

The matter was then reported to every student by telephone.这件事后来用电话报告给每个学生。

Education must be bined with production labor. 教育必须与生产劳动相结合。

Mr. Black was given a prize.布拉克先生得了奖。

8、主语＋被动式谓语＋主语补足语（不定式、现在分词、名词、形容词、介词短语等）＋（其它）。

本句型的特点：在主动句型中，补足语是宾语补足语；但在被动句中，是主语补足语。例如：

He was appointed manager of the pany.他被任命为公司的经理。

His father was pronounced out of danger by the doctor. 医生已经宣布他的父亲脱离危险状态。

Because of his illness, he was not permitted to play cricket.因为他有病，不许他玩板球。

You needn’t have been kept waiting. 你们本来不必等了吗。

I lose my key. The truck had to be broken open.我丢了钥匙，只得把衣箱破开。

9、主语＋被动式谓语＋被动不定式＋其它。

本句型的特点：由于谓语动词是被动，其后的动词不定式也是被动，因此形成双重被动。例如：

Any books and magazines are not permitted to be taken out of the library. 任何书刊不准带出图书馆。

The chairman in this country is reported to have been murdered the day before yesterday. 据报道这个国家的主席前天被谋杀。

These arms are supposed to have been used by partisans during the Second World War.人们认为这种武器在第二次世界大战中被游击队使用过。

She is said to have been shot in the United States last year.据说去年她在美国被杀害。

使用被动语态时应注意的事项  

1、动词be ＋过去分词这个结构，并非都是被动结构。有时是系表结构。两者的区别是：系表结构表示主语的所处的状态或者主语的特点；而被动结构表示动作。例如：

The bowl is broken. 这个碗碎了。（系表结构）

The bowl was broken by my little brother.这个碗是我小弟弟打破的。（被动结构）

The classroom is crowded with students.教室里挤满了学生。（系表示结构）

The students were crowded into the classroom.学生们被塞到教室里。（被动结构）

The teaching building is pleted.教学楼已经修好。（系表结构）

The teaching building was pleted last month.教学楼是上个月建成的。（被动结构）

2、在动词need，require 和want之后用主动表示被动。如：

The room needs cleaning / to be cleaned.这个房间需要清扫了。

The floor requires washing / to be washed. 地板需要洗刷了。

3、形容词worth之后用主动表示被动。例如：

The book is well worth reading. 这本书很值得一看.

He told Tom’s mother that Tom was not bright and was not worth teaching.他告诉汤姆的母亲,汤姆不聪明,不值得一教。

4、并非所有的及物动词都能变成被动态，当动词表示某种情况或状态时，而不是表示动作时，就不能用被动结构。常用的动词有：bee of 结果成为，遭受，look like看起来象，suit适合，contain 包含，equal 等于，hold容纳，mean意味着，consist of 由……组成等。例如：

I joined the Party in 1978. 我是在1978入党的。

This room can hold 100 people. 这个房间能容纳100人。

This book belongs to me. 这本书属于我的。

5、 动词have不论在什么情况下都不能用于被动语态。

I have some English books.我有一些英语书。

We will have a meeting after class.下课之后我们开个会。

We had a wonderful time yesterday.昨天我们玩得很痛快。

6、当及物动词reach, leave , enter，turn 等的宾语是表示地点或者是处所时，只能用主动语态。例如：

I will ring you up as soon as I reach Beijing.一到北京，我就给你打电话。

She left Harbin for Shanghai the day before yesterday.前天她离开哈尔滨去上海了。

7、一般来说，当动词的宾语是动名词或者是不定式时不能变成被动语态。例如：

I hope to do this work by myself. 我希望自己做此工作。

Do you like to do some reading？ 你喜欢读点书吗？

8、当宾语是主语身体的一部分时，一般来说，不能变成被动语态。例如：

At the bad news, she shook her head sadly. 一听到这个坏讯息，他就悲伤地摇了摇头。

You should not have put your hands into your pockets.你本来就不应该把手放在衣袋里。

9、将来进行时和完成进行时没有被动语态。如果遇到这种情况时，可以用一般将来时和现在完成完成时的被动语态来代替。例如：

We have been doing this work for about three hours.

This work has been done by us for about three hours.

我们做此工作一直做了大约三个小时了。

10、一些由动词变来的名词，以—er或者—or结尾时含有主动的意义，而—ee结尾时含有被动的意义。例如：

The employee says hello to the employer every morning.每天早晨雇员向雇主问候。

The payer didn’t believe in the payee.付款人不信任收款人。

OMG！你随便到百度哪里去查一下...非常的多...这种问题就不要拿出来了吧，下次有什么可以问我，不过要能让我答的...不要这种拉！

一.构成
be + 过去分词 + (by+动作执行者)
二.运用
（1） 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要。例如：
Paper is made from wood. （纸是由木材生产出来的。）
（2） 需要强调动作的物件时。例如：
Calculator can't be used in the maths exam. （计算器不能用于数学考试。）
（3）为了使语气婉转，避扩音到是谁做的这件事。例如：
The construction of the new lab must be pleted by the end of next month. （新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。）
三.各种时态的被动语态举例
一般地讲，被动语态可用于英语的各种时态。为了能准确地运用被动语态，重点是要掌握be动词的各种时态变化。各种时态的被动语态举例如下：
1、 一般现在时的被动语态. Am / is / are + 动词的过去分词
Our classroom is cleaned every day.
2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词
His desk was cleaned just now.
3、现在进行时的被动语态: am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词
A new factory is being built in our city now.
4、过去进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + 动词的过去分词
A new factory was being built in our city at that time.
5、一般将来时的被动语态:
(A) will / shall + be + 动词的过去分词
(B) am / is / are + going to be +动词的过去分词.
Some new factories will be built in our city this year.
Your watch is going to be mended in an hour.
6、过去将来时的被动语态: (1).would / should + be + 动词的过去分词 (2).was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词.
She said that some new factories would be built soon in our city.
He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour.
7、现在完成时的被动语态:have / has + been + 动词的过去分词
Some new factories have been built in the city since last year.
Your watch has been mended already.
8、过去完成时的被动语态:had + been + 动词的过去分词
He said that some new factories had been built in the city.
I didn’t know that my watch had been mended .
9、含情态动词的被动式：can/may/must + be + done
例如：He can not be found. / I must be paid for this.
四.如何将主动语态变成被动语态
1、从句子意义上说，就是重新找出“什么事物”是“被完成”的。
2、从语法的角度说，把原句的宾语改成主语。

被动语态：
1：英语中语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
语态的作用：语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语之间的关系。
语态的选用：如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语用主动语态。
例如：We clean the room every day.
如果主语是动作的承受者，或者说是动作的物件，谓语则是要用被动语态。
例如：The room is cleaned every day.
被动语态由“助动词be + 急务动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be 有人称、数和事态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。
2：被动语态的各种形式
1) am/is/are +done
eg1：I'm asked to take care of myself. Football is played all over the world.
eg2：Football is not played all over the world.
eg3: Is football played all over the world?
这些玩具是中国制造的。
这个小偷是在那家超级市场被抓住的。
2）has /have been done
eg1：This book has been translated (翻译) into many foreign languages.
eg2：This book has not been translated into many foreign languages.
eg3: Has this book been translated into many foreign languages?
那两把伞已经送给了我父母。
今天这首歌已经被唱了几次了？
3）am/is /are being done
eg1：A road is being built around the mountain.
eg2：A road is not being built around the mountain.
eg3: Is a road being built around the mountain?
我们不能搬进新房间因为它正在油漆。
4） was/were done
eg1：This house was built in 1958.
eg2：This house was not built in 1958.
eg3: Was this house built in 1958?
昨天上午这条裙子被卖走了。
我的书在哪里？刚才它被放在桌子上得。
5) was/were being done
eg1：Meeting was being held when I was there.
eg2：Meeting was not being held when I was there.
eg3: Was meeting being held when you were there?
6) shall/will be done
eg1：He will be taken to hospital tomorrow.
eg2：He will not be taken to hospital tomorrow.
eg3: Will he be taken to hospital tomorrow?
动物园的动物马上要喂养了。
3：练习
1). Put the following sentences into the passive voice (by phrase may be omitted)
1. People speak English in many countries.
2. We built this bridge last year.
3. The tiger in the zoo frightened the little girl.
4. Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party.
5. You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room.
6. We shall discuss the problem at tomorrow's meeting.
7. Has anybody fed the birds?
8. People will never fet the aident.
9. You may write this letter in pencil.
10.They are repairing the car in the garage.
11.Someone must have turned on the light without your notice.

12.They have found ways to make waste water clean.

13.Someone must take care of the children when we go out.
14.They won't hold the meeting until next Friday.
15.They gave him a medal for his wonderful work.
16.The doctor will ask the patient some questions before he gives her medicine.
17.They made (选举) the young man head of the volleyball team.

18.Someone will tell you how to prepare for the examination (考试).
19.They criticized me for something wrong that I had done.
20.Someone has taken the stranger (陌生人) to another hospital.
21.It surprised me to hear that they wouldn't give him a holiday after his hard work.
22.People will laugh at (嘲笑) you if you wear that dress.
23.I have told him that he didn't finish his homework yesterday..
24.We must finish the work by six o'clock this afternoon.
25.Do you often clean your room?
26.They are making this type of radios in shanghai.
27.Could you carry out (执行) the plan on time?
28.We must pay attention to (注意) such problems.
29.Someone is showing them how to operate (操作) the puters.
30.You should put forward (提出) the questions at the meeting.
31.He is sure to finish the job by then.
32.She is going to play the match today.
33.People are talking about the things all over the town.
34.We saw a bus running towards us at that time
35.They made her leader (领袖) of the group.
36.They had to put off (推迟) the sports meet because of the rain.
37.We don't have to write it in such a hurry.
2). Make the best choice:
38.Our house_____,
A. is getting paint B. is getting painted C. is got painted D. has got to paint
39.He arrived in Beijing, and he _____his friend there..
A. was met by B. was met C. was meeting D. met by
40.The mistakes (错误) in the exercises will _____the teacher.
A. cross B. be crossing C. be crossed by D. cross by
41.My brother and I have __________her birthday party.
A. been invited B. been invited for C. invited to D. been invited to
42.It_______this way
A. is had to do B. is had to be done C. had to be done D. has to do
43. _____Chaplin.
A. The child's name was called B. The child's name calls
C. The child calls D. The child is named
44.The sports meeting____ .
A. is put off B. is to put off C. is to be put off D. puts off
45.The story ______in China.
A. was taken place B. has been taken place
C. took place D. was happened
46.Great changes _____in our province (省). Many tall buildings.
A. have been taken place, have been set up B. have taken place, have been set up
C. have been taken place, have been set up D. were taken place, were set up
47. Some of the hotels in my hometown_________.
A. have now been rebuilding B. are now rebuilding
C. are now being rebuilt D. are rebuilt now
48. The flowers should ____ every morning.
A. water B. watered C. be watering D. be watered
49. Do you know what ____ in a hundred years?
A. happens B. is happened C. will happen D. will be happened
50. Where ___ the machines ___?
A. is; made B. are; made C. have; made D. do; make
51. The bridge ___ in three weeks.
A. will build B. is built C. will be built D. is being built
52. This kind of machine _____ well.
A. is sold B. sell C. sells D. are sold
53. Mrs. Green____ to work last week.
A. has been B. has gone C. went.
54. The maths problems are too hard _____
A. be done B. to do them C. to work out D. be worked out
55. The children ____ games under the tree .
A. were seen play B. saw playing C. were seen playing D. were seen to play
56. Many of the stars cannot ___ because they are too far away ____ us .
A. see , to B. be seen , from C. seen, for D. being seen, for
57. Where ___ your keys ____?
A. did find B. were founded C. were founded D. did founded
58. The umbrellas have _____ because of the heavy rain these days.
A. sold out B. sold over C. been sold off D. been sold out
59. They told us that the car _____ at that moment.
A. was repairing B. was being repaired C. being repaired D. was to repairing
60. Some advice _____ the pupils by the professor.
A. was given B. was gave to C. was being given D. was given to
被动语态二焦点
一、带双宾语的两种被动语态形式
1）用直接宾语作主语时在间接宾语前加介词“to”：
1．I'll give her a present for her birthday． （直接宾语） (give sth to sb)
A present will be given to her for her birthday by me．
2．She told me the news． （直接宾语） (tell sth to sb)
The news was told to me by her．
2）另一种一般用直接宾语作被动语态的主语，且须在间接宾语前加上介词“for”：
1．I've bought my little sister a sweater． （直接宾语） (buy sth for sb)
A sweater has been bought for my little sister by me．
2．Mother cooks some delicious food for me． （直接宾语） (cook sth for sb)
Some delicious food is cooked for me by Mother．
类似的动词有：read，draw，make，get等。
有时用间接宾语作主语讲不通，或不习惯，也须转用直接宾语作主语。如：
My girl friend writes me a letter every week．
I am written a letter by my girl friend every week．（错句）
A letter is written to me by my girl friend every week．
类似的动词有：return，send，pass，hand，sell，teach等。
二、许多不及物动词加上介词或副词而变为及物短语动词，这时同样可以有被动语态。但应注意短语的整体性，在变为被动语态时不应丢掉后边的介词或副词。
1?动词＋介词
a．The doctor has already been sent for．
b．The news has never been heard of before．
类似的短语动词有：call on，look after，talk about，look at，ask for，wait for．．．
2．动词＋副词
a．A new play will be put on (上演) next week．
b．The problem has been worked out．
类似的短语动词有：put off (推迟)，think over，take off (脱、取消)，look up (查询)，sell out，use up (用光)．．．
3．动词＋副词＋介词
a．The poor were looked down upon before liberation．解放前穷人被人瞧不起。
b．He was looked up to by everyone．他被人们所敬仰。
类似的短语动词有：get out of，look out of，get on with，get along with (与。。。相处)，catch up with (赶上)，keep up with (跟上)．．．
4．动词＋名词＋介词
a．Lin Fen can take good care of your children．
1）Your children can be taken good care of by Lin Feng．
2）Good care can be taken of your children by Lin Feng．
b．They never paid attention to (注意、关注) the matter．
1）The matter was never paid attention to．
2）Attention was never paid to the matter．
类似的短语动词有：make fun of，make use of，make friends with，take part in (参加)．．．
将下列句子改成被动语态
1. Lin Fen gives her little brother some orange juice.
2. He always asks the teachers some strange questions.
3. She has told the police what had happened.
4. What did your father buy for you?
5. The students are making that sick boy some paper cranes.
6. That artist drew the King a horse.
7. A postman sent you this letter just now.
8. I will get you this necklace as your birthday present.
9. They returned their teacher that book yesterday evening.
10. This term Mr Li is going to teach us physics.
11. Now some students are looking after that old lady.
12. Last week he called on his uncle.
13. As it is raining heavily, we have to out off the football match.
14. They have taken off the 5 a.m. train.
15. You can look up these words in your dictionary.
16. They have used up all their money.
17. Everyone in the class got on well with the ins.
18. The policeman soon caught up with the thief.
19. Now we can make use of the money we have.
20. He sometimes made fun of his classmates.
21. The teacher divided (分开) the class into four groups.

attract被动语态的用法

be attracted by sth/sb这是它的被动语态。
be attracted to 是形容词片语，意思是被某人/物吸引，从意思上与前者没有区别，只是在语法上，前者更强调被吸引的被动意义。

bear 被动语态的用法：

born 与 borne
区别一
在主动语态中，只能用 borne。如：
She has borne him six children. 她给他生了 6 个孩子。
她生了一男一女。
误：She has born a son and a daughter.
正：She has borne a son and a daughter.

区别二
在带有 by 短语的被动语态中，要用 borne。如：
他是一个英国妇女生的。
误：He was born by an English woman.
正：He was borne by an English woman.

区别三
用于 be born 表示“出生”时，不用 borne。如：
He was born in Beijing on April 15, 1966. 他于 1966 年 4 月 15 日出生在北京。
Ten children are born in this hospital every day. 这家医院每天有 10 个孩子出生。
He was born to [of] wealthy parents. 他出生在有钱人家。
He was born French, but later took Canadian citizenship. 他生为法国人，但后来取得了加拿大的公民身份。
有时用于比喻义。如：
He was born to be a great writer. 他生来就注定是一个伟大的作家。

区别四
born 有时可用于名词前作定语，表示“天生的”，此时不能用 borne。如：
He was a born poet. 他天生是个诗人。

区别五
若用于“生育”之外的其他意义，其过去分词要用 borne。如：
The task is borned on our shoulders. 这任务落在我们的肩上。
应该能解答你的疑问了。

求被动语态的用法。

1.被动语态结构，be+及物动词的过去分词，不及物动词没有被动语态
2.当主语是谓语动词动作的承受者时，句子用被动语态
（主动句）I beat the dog。
（被动句）The dog is beaten by me.
3.各个时态的被动
amisare done一般现在时
waswere done一般过去时
amisare being done正在进行时
was/were being done 过去进行时
hashave been done现在完成时
had been done过去完成时
will be done一般将来时
would be done 过去将来时