全国前三季度gdp增速 全球第二季度减少4亿个全职工作

全球第二季度减少4亿个全职工作  

The coronavirus pandemic is expected to have resulted in a 14% drop in global working hours in the second quarter of 2020
the International Labour Organization has said.
The United Nations' labor agency said this updated fall in working hours was the equivalent of 400 million full-time job losses globally in the second quarter
based on a standard 48-hour working week.
This marked a "sharp increase" on the 10.7% fall in working hours
or 305 million job losses
that the ILO forecasted for that period
in its previous report on the impact of Covid-19 on the labor market
published in May.
国际劳工组织5月份发布的关于新冠肺炎对劳动力市场影响的报告预测称，今年第二季度全球工作时间预计减少10.7%（即3.05亿个全职工作）。而最新数据与之相比大幅上升。
In this fifth edition of its "Covid-19 and the world of work" monitor
the ILO said that the Americas were the most affected region
with an estimated 18.3% drop in working hours
or 70 million full-time jobs.
The working-hour losses are calculated based on the ILO's "nowcasting" model
which is statistical forecasting drawing on real-time economic and labor market data. It uses the fourth quarter of 2019 as the basis for falls.
In the first quarter
the ILO calculated a 5.4% fall in working hours worldwide
equating to 155 million jobs
in parison to the fourth quarter of last year.
The ILO said there were multiple factors causing this global decline such as
shorter working hours
temporary leave — or furlough — as well as unemployment and "inactivity."
The ILO's report also outlined three different scenarios for a labor market recovery in the second half of the year.
The baseline model projects a 4.9% decline in working hours
or 140 million job losses
pared to the fourth quarter of 2019. This scenario is assuming a rebound in economic activity according to existing forecasts
the lifting of workplace lockdown restrictions
in addition to a recovery in consumption and investment.
A pessimistic scenario would see an estimated 11.9% fall in working hours
or 340 million job losses. This is based on there being a second wave of coronavirus cases
prompting the return of lockdown restrictions
therefore meaning a "significantly slow recovery."
The optimistic model would work out to an estimated 1.2% decrease in working hours
or 34 million job cuts. This best-case scenario would be the result of workers' activities resuming quickly
"significantly boosting aggregate demand and job creation."
The ILO report also highlighted the disproportionate effect of the pandemic on female workers. It pointed out that 510 million
or 40%
of all employed women globally work in the four most hard-hit sectors by the coronavirus crisis
pared to 36.6% of men.
The fact that women also dominate the domestic work
health and social care sectors
has meant that they are at greater risk of infection and transmission of the virus and of losing ine. Meanwhile
the distribution of unpaid care work of children
for example
has bee more unequal during the pandemic
made worse by the closure of schools and care services.
The ILO said this impact on women risked undoing some of the progress on gender equality in recent decades and exacerbating work-related gender inequalities.