动词的第三人称单数形式变化规则 (英语)动词的复数变化规则,动词的现在分词的变化规则,动词的三单变化规则
(英语)动词的复数变化规则,动词的现在分词的变化规则,动词的三单变化规则
(英语)动词的复数变化规则,动词的现在分词的变化规则,动词的三单变化规则
一、名词复数 规则变化: 1) 一般在名词词尾加s, ① map—maps地图,bird—birds鸟,orange—oranges 桔子,bike—bikes自行车; 2) 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加es, box—boxes盒子,class—classes班级,watch—watches手表, dish-dishes盘,碟子,餐具; 3) 以O结尾的名词后面加s或es ① photo—photos相片 radio—radios收音机 zoo—zoos动物园 tomato—tomatoes西红柿 potato—potatoes土豆 4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i+es ① baby—babies婴儿 family—families家庭; 以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加s ① boy—boys男孩 toy—toys 玩具; 5) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时: a. 加s,如: belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs; b. 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves; c. 均可,如: handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves 名词复数的不规则变化: 1)child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 注意:与 man 和 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。 如: an Englishman,o Englishmen. 但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans。 2)单复同形 如: deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese li,jin,yuan,o li,three mu,four jin 但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如: a dollar, o dollars; a meter, o meters 3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。 如: people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说 a person,a policeman,a head of cattle,the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。 如: The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。 4)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如: a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。 b. news 是不可数名词。 c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。 The United Nations was anized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。 d. 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。 "The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. <<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。 5) 表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes 若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; o pairs of trousers 6) 另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼 动词第三人称单数和名词变化相同。但是以“o”结尾的一半加“es” 规则动词的过去式词尾变化有几种: 1.一般情况下加ed,如watched, planted, watered, pulled, climbed, picked。 2.以不发音字母e结尾的加d,如liked, moved, tasted。 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加ed,如study——studied。 (辅音字母指:除了a、e、i、o、u,5个元音字母以外的21的字母) 4.以1个元音字母加1个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,双写最后一个辅音字母再加ed,如s——sped 一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ing work ---- working sleep ----- sleeping study ----- studying 2 动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ing take ----- taking make ----- making dance ----- dancing 3 重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing cut ----- cutting put ----- putting begin ------ beginning 4以-ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加-ing lie ----- lying tie ----- tying die ----- dying 动词的三单就是动词的复数
动词的现在分词的变化规则
1 一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ing
work ---- working
sleep ----- sleeping
study ----- studying
2 动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ing
take ----- taking
make ----- making
dance ----- dancing
3 重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing
cut ----- cutting
put ----- putting
begin ------ beginning
4 以-ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加-ing
lie ----- lying
tie ----- tying
die ----- dying

动词的三种变化规则
1. A---A---A型(现在式、过去式和过去分词同形)
动词原形(现在式) 过去式 过去分词
cost cost cost 花费
cut cut cut 割,切
hit hit hit 打
let let let 让
put put put 放下
read read read 读
hurt hurt hurt 伤
2. A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形)
beat beat beaten 打
3. A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形)
e came e 来
bee became bee 变
run ran run 跑
4. A ---B ---B型
(1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。
burn burnt burnt 燃烧
learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习
mean meant meant 意思
hear heard heard 听见
(2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
build built built 建筑
lend lent lent 借给
lose lost lost 失去
send sent sent 送
spend spent spent 花费
(3)其他
pay paid paid 付
lay laid laid 下蛋
say said said 说
bring brought brought 带来
buy bought bought 买
think thought thought 想
sleep slept slept 睡
keep kept kept 保持
sweep swept swept 扫
stand stood stood 站
understand understood understood 明白
win won won 得胜
shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光
catch caught caught 抓住
teach taught taught 教
feel felt felt 觉得
fight fought fought 战斗
find found found 发现
get got got 得到
hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死,挂
have had had 有
hold held held 盛,握
leave left left 离开
make made made 制造
meet met met 遇见
sell sold sold 卖
shoot shot shot 射击
tell told told 告诉
smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅,闻
sit sat sat 坐
dig dug dug 挖
5. A---B---C型(现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同)
(1)在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。
eat ate eaten 吃
fall fell fallen 落下
steal stole stolen 偷
give gave given 给
freeze froze frozen 冻结
take took taken 拿
see saw seen 看见
write wrote written 写
ride rode ridden 骑
drive drove driven 驾驶
throw threw thrown 抛,扔
blow blew blown 吹
grow grew grown 生长
know knew known 知道
fly flew flown 飞
draw drew drawn 拉,绘画
show showed shown 展示
(2)过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。
speak spoke spoken 说话
break broke broken 破碎,折断
wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒
choose chose chosen 选择
fet fot fotten 忘记
(3)变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”(过去式)和“u”(过去分词)。
begin began begun 开始
ring rang rung 按铃
sing sang sung 唱
sink sank sunk 沉
swim swam swum 游泳
drink drank drunk 饮
(4)其他不规则动词的变化。
be(am, is) was/ were been 是
be(are) were been 是
do did done 做
go went gone 去
lie lay lain 躺
wear wore worn 穿
初中英语不规则动词过去式、过去分词表
(1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)
cost(花费) cost cost cut(割) cut cut
hit(打) hit hit hurt 伤害) hurt hurt
let(让) let let put(放) put put
read (读) read read
(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)
beat(跳动) beat beaten
(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)
bee(变成) became bee e(来) came e
run(跑) ran run
(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)
dig(挖) dug dug get(得到) got got
hang(吊死) hanged hanged hang(悬挂) hung hung
hold(抓住) held held shine(照耀) shone shone
sit(坐) sat sat win (赢) won won
meet(遇见) met met keep (保持) kept kept
sleep(睡) slept slept sweep(扫) swept swept
feel(感觉) felt felt smell(闻) smelt smelt
leave(离开) left left build(建设) built built
lend(借出) lent lent send (传送) sent sent
spend(花费) spent spent lose (丢失) lost lost
burn (燃烧) burnt burnt learn(学习) learnt learnt
mean(意思是) meant meant catch(抓住) caught caught
teach(教) taught taught bring(带来) brought brought
fight (战斗) fought fought buy(买) bought bought
think(想) thought thought hear (听见) heard heard
sell(卖) sold sold tell(告诉) told told
say(说) said said find(找到) found found
have/has(有) had had make(制造) made made
stand(站) stood stood understand明白understood understood
(5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)
begin(开始) began begun drink(喝) drank drunk
ring(铃响) rang rung sing (唱) sang sung
swim(游泳) swam swum blow(吹) blew blown
draw (画) drew drawn fly(飞) flew flown
grow(生长) grew grown know(知道) knew known
throw(投掷) threw thrown show(出示) showed shown
break(打破) broke broken choose(选择) chose chosen
fet(忘记) fot fotten (fot) speak(说,讲) spoke spoken
wake(醒) woke woke drive(驾驶) drove driven
eat(吃) ate eaten fall(落下) fell fallen
give(给) gave given rise(升高) rose risen
take(取) took taken mistake(弄错) mistook mistaken
ride(骑) rode ridden write(写) wrote written
do(做) did done go(去) went gone
lie(平躺) lay lain see(看见) saw seen
wear (穿) wore worn
be ( am, is, are )(是) was, were been
动词现在分词的不规则变化,是不规则变化!
现在分词基本没有不规则变化的,只有个别 preferring , travelling
英语高手帮忙总结可数名词复数的变化规则,动词的单三,动词-ing,动词的过去式变化规则
一般地加S work----works
以s,x,sh,ch,o(有生命的)加es
以辅音字母加Y结尾,变Y为I加es
重读闭音节以辅音字母结尾,双写辅音字母加es
有不规则的
(v三单)
不规则动词的变化
不规则中的规则
——不规则动词过去式和过去分词巧记法
一、AAA型:即原形、过去式和过去分词等三式都相同。
broadcast(广播)--- broadcast / broadcasted --- broadcast/ broadcasted ,
burst(爆发,突然发作)---burst---burst, cast(撒,扔,抛)--- cast --- cast ,
cost(花费)---cost---cost, cut(剪,切,割)---cut---cut,
hit(打,撞击)---hit---hit, hurt(伤害,受伤)---hurt---hurt,
let(让)---let---let, put(放,摆)---put---put,
read(读,朗读)---read---read , set(安置,释放)---set---set,
shut(关闭,合拢)---shut---shut, split(切开,撕开)---split---split,
spread(展开,延伸)---spread---spread
注意: read---read---read发音分别是[ri:d]---[red]---[red],其余动词三式读音相同。
二、ABA型:即动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。
bee(变得,成为)---became---bee, e(来,来到)---came---e,
run(奔跑,褪色)---ran---run, overe---overcame---overe
三、ABB型:即动词的过去式和过去分词相同。
1、 单词末尾的字母-d改为-t。如:
bend(使弯曲)---bent---bent, build(建筑,造)---built---built,
lend(借出)---lent---lent, send(打发,送,邮寄)---sent---sent,
spend(花费,度过)---spent---spent
2、原形最后一个字母改为t。如:
lose(失去,丢失)---lost---lost,
smell(嗅,闻到,发出气味)---smelledsmelt---smelledsmelt,
spell(拼写)---spelt/spelled---spelt/spelled,
3、原形后加一个字母t。如:
burn(燃烧,着火)---burnt/burned---burnt/burned,
dream(做梦)---dreameddreamt---dreameddreamt,
learn(学习,学会)---learnedlearnt---learnedlearnt,
mean(意指,意思是)---meant---meant
4、 原形中的双e变单e。如:
bleed(出血,流血)---bled---bled, feed(喂,饲养)---fed---fed,
meet(遇见,见到)---met---met,
speed(快速前进,快速运行)---sped/speeded---sped/speeded
5、原形中的ee去掉一个字母e, 然后在词尾加t。如:
feel(觉得,触摸)---felt---felt , keep(保持,保存)---kept---kept,
sleep(睡觉)---slept---slept, sweep(扫,扫除)---swept---swept,
weep(哭泣,流泪)---wept---wept
6、过去式和过去分词都以-aught或-ought结尾的动词。如:
catch(抓住,赶上)---caught---caught, teach(教,教书)---taught---taught;
bring(拿来,带来,取来)---brought---brought, buy(买)----bought----bought,
fight(打架,打架)----fought----fought, seek(探寻,争取)---sought---sought,
think(想,认为,考虑)---thought---thought
注意:原形中有字母a的为-aught,其他的是-ought。
7、以-ay结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词中把-ay变成-aid。如:
lay(放,搁)---laid---laid, pay(付钱,给报酬)---paid---paid, say(说,讲)---said---said
8、原形中的字母i改为o。例如:
win---won---won, shine(照耀,发光,擦亮)---shone/ shined---shone / shined
9、原形中的字母i改为a。例如:
sit(坐)---sat---sat, spit(吐痰)---spat---spat
10、原形中的an变为oo。例如:
misunderstand(误会,不理解)---misunderstood---misunderstood,
stand(站立,忍受,坐落)---stood---stood,
understand(明白,理解,懂得)---understood---understood
11、原形中的-ell变成-old。如:
retell(复述,重讲)---retold---retold, sell(卖,出售)---sold---sold,
tell(讲述,告诉,吩咐)---told---told
12、原形中间的元音字母变成u。如:
dig(挖,掘)---dug---dug , stick(粘住钉住,坚持)---stuck---stuck,
hang(悬挂,吊)---hung---hung, swing(摆动,舞动)---swung---swung,
13、其它的变化形式。如:
find(找到,发现)---found---found, flee(逃跑)---fled---fled,
get(成为,得到,到达)---got---got , have(有,吃,喝,进行)---had---had,
hear(听见,得知,听说)---heard---heard , hold(握住,举行)---held---held ,
lead(领导,带领)---led---led, leave(离开,遗留,剩下)---left---left,
light(点燃)---lit/lighted---lit/lighted, make(制造,做,使得)---made---made,
shoot(射击,发射)--shot---shot, slide(滑行,滑动)---slid---slid,
strike(侵袭,打火)---struck---struck/stricken, win(获胜,赢)---won---won,
wind(缠绕,蜿蜒,弯曲)---wound---wound
四、ABC型:即原形、过去式和过去分词各不相同。
1、原形中含有字母i,在过去式中变为a,在过去分词中变为u。如:
begin(开始,着手)---began---begun, drink(喝,饮)---drank---drunk,
ring(响铃,打电话)---rang---rung, sing(唱歌)---sang---sung ,
sink(下沉,消沉)---sank---sunk, swim(游泳)---swam---swum
2、以字母ow或aw结尾的动词,在过去式中变成ew,过去分词则在原形后加-n。如:
blow(吹,刮风,吹气)---blew---blown, grow(成长,种植,变成)---grew---grown,
know(知道,认识,了解)---knew---known, throw(投,掷,扔)---threw---thrown,
draw(绘画,拖,拉)---drew---drawn
注意:为了便于记忆,我们将fly(飞,飘)---flew---flown也归纳到这里。
3、原形-ear,过去式-ore,过去分词-orn。如:
bear(负担,承受,忍受)---bore---born/borne,
tear(扯破,撕开)---tore---torn, wear(穿,戴)---wore---worn,
4、过去分词是在原形词尾加-n或-en。如:
arise(升起,出现)---arose----risen, be(是)---was/were---been,
beat(敲打,跳动,打赢)---beat---beaten, drive(驾驶,驱赶)---drove---driven,
eat(吃)---ate---eaten, fall(落下,倒)---fell---fallen,
forsee(预见,预知)---forsaw---forseen, five(原谅,宽恕)---fave---fiven,
give(给,付出,递给)---gave---given, mistake(弄错,搞混)---mistook---mistaken,
rise(上升,上涨)---rose---risen, see(看见,领会,拜会)---saw---seen,
sew(缝补,缝制)---sewed---sewn/sewed, shake(震动,动摇)---shook---shaken,
shave(刮)---shaved---shaven/shaved, show(出示,显示)---showed---shown/showed,
sow(播种)---sowed---sown/sowed, take(拿走,花费,服用,乘坐)---took---taken,
特殊:bite(咬,叮)---bit---bitten, forbid(禁止,不许)---forbade---forbidden,
hide(隐藏,躲藏)---hid---hidden, rewrite(重写)--- rewrote---rewritten,
ride(骑,乘车)---rode---ridden, write(写,著述)---wrote---written,
5、过去分词是在过去式后面-n或-en。如:
awake(唤醒)---awoke---awoken, break(打破,损坏,撕开)---broke---broken,
choose(选择)---chose---chosen, freeze(结冰)---froze---frozen,
speak(说,讲,发言)-spoke-spoken, fet(忘记)---fot---fotten,
steal(偷盗,窃取)---stole---stolen, wake(唤醒,醒来)---woke---woken
6、其他变化形式的动词。如:
do(做,干)---did---done, go(去,到达)---went---gone,
lie(躺,平放,位于)---lay---lain, rewind(倒带,倒片,重绕)---rewound---rewound
五、没有过去分词的动词
can(能,会)---could, may(可以,可能)---might
must(必须)---must, shall(将,会)---should, will(将,愿意)---would
动词的现在分词变化,不规则变化的有哪些?
swimming
sitting
running
travelling
sping
1、以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要双写这一辅音字母,再加-ing。例如:run-running, swim-swimming等。
2、以-al,-er,-ill结尾的动词,即使重音不在最后一个音节上,也要双写,再加-ing 如:travelling等
动词的现在分词的变化规则,以ie结尾的动词,全要把ie变成y再加-ing 吗?
1楼不对
所有ie为结尾的都变成y再加ing,一共也没有多少这样的单词啊