研究生英语教材课后答案 21世纪研究生英语教材阅读课后答案

21世纪研究生英语教材阅读课后答案  

UNIT ONE? Key to ExercisesI. Reading Comprehension i ii II 1. B (略) Vocabulary and Structure 2.circulate 7.resistance 2.supplant. 3.abdominal 8.modified 3. willowy (twiggy) 8. unravel 4.break down 9.critically 4.slow down 9.culprit 5.mortality 10. inert 5.set off 10. affirm 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. Ai 1.Obesity 6.variable ii 1. internist 6. nonchalantly III Cloze 1. D 11. B 2. A 12. B7.accumulate3. B4. A5. B6. D 7. C 16. C 17. B8. A 18. A9. D 19. A10. C 20. C13. A 14. A 15. DIV Translation i 1. 几个世纪以来，妇女们始终相信一条朴实的真理：腰越细，生活就越好—医 学研究者们如今正开始了解这一简单真理背后的生理机能。

2. 与腹部脂肪是位于腰部无所事事的惰性软组织这一观念相反，腹部脂肪实 际上是一些小的内分泌工厂，会制造一些把信息传送给许多器官的激素。 3. 医学解开代谢之谜是脂肪的难题尚需数十年。医生们说，在此期间采取的 主要行动是制止腰部变粗。萨瓦德说： “我们每个人都需要放慢让自己体形 变得更像苹果的过程。体形实在不容忽视。 ” ii 1. Internet is an interactive network on which the customers can release news, join in discussion, and perform voting or even chatting.12. Contrary to what I had thought, the atmosphere of the multinational company was not easy and enjoyable at all. 3. After several days’ investigation, FBI agents found all the evidence pointed to his committing a murder. 4. In 2004, the government introduced a raft of measures to slow the economy and paid special attention to the steel sector. 5. Our objective is to explore an effective way of AIDS education for college students, and to provide reference for AIDS education model in colleges in China.V. Writing (略)? i ii Key to Text B 1. C 1. F 2. B 2. F 3. B 3. T 4. D 4. F 5. C 5. T 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. D 10.BUNIT TWOObama Signals Need for a Sharp Break from the Past ? Key to ExercisesI. Reading Comprehension Check i 1. D 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. D 10. Dii（略） II. Vocabulary and Structure i. 1. inaugural 6. interrogation ii. 1. on top of 6. cynic III. Cloze 2. shrewd 7. outlast 2. undaunted 7. worn-out 3. somber 8. confluence 3. imperil 8. mandate 4. exhortation 9. recrimination 4. grievance 9. shrink from 5. plummet 10. run up 5. strangle 10. tumult21. C2. D3. D 13.D4. B 14.D5. C 15.A6. B 16. B7. D 17. A8. A 18.C9. B 19. A10. A 20. C11. B 12. C IV. Translation i.1. 也许奥巴马还记得在竞选中他所面临的对其是否具备战时领导力的质疑，于 是他刻意寻求平衡———既誓言和世界其他国家打交道时使用外交手段与 合作，也放出了几句坚定的狠话。

2. 现在要了解奥巴马总统任期将在多大程度上导致保守主义时代的回归，或新 的进步时代的开启还为时尚早。但自林登·B.约翰逊以来，没有哪位总统比 他的抱负更大，他也似乎并不避讳这一点。 3. 奥巴马在竞选期间承诺将翻过“过去的政治”这一页，即从令华盛顿筋疲 力尽的僵持不下的争论，到令公众大为失望的意识形态的两极分化。 ii. 1. We should boldly absorb and draw upon all the achievements of the human society, including those of the capitalist countries, build on them and make innovations. 2. In one's mind, he or she needs the power of fortitude to strengthen oneself as one is confronted with something beyond his ability and suffering from sins and pains. 3. The sports schools target and task is to select, bring up, and infuse some reserve sports players to excellent sports teams. 4. It is not difficult for us to find ourselves on Clyde. Including aspiration of success, fame, money and even beauty. 5. In the tumult of everyday life, it's very easy to focus on the negative and to lose sight of what really matters. V. Writing（略）31. Key to Text Bi 1. D ii 1. T 2. B 2. F 3. D 3. F 4. C 4. T 5. C 5. T 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. BUNIT THREEThe High LifeJulia Chaplin? Key to ExercisesI. Reading Comprehension i 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. Cii (略) II i Vocabulary and Structure 1. proactive 2. assorted 6. flirt 7. infiltrate 3. sponsor 8. torrid 4. teetering 9. throng 5. ipsy 10. be strewn with 5. withstand 10. perchii 1. get the word out 6. recline III Cloze 1. A 2. B 3. A2. exclusive 3. be replete with 4. glamorous. 8. vibe. 9. holding court with7. complimentary4. C 14. A5. B 15. D6. D 16. B7. C 17.C8. B 18. C9.D10. A11. B 12. D 13.C IV. Translation19. A 20. Di. 1.“这就像是一个对外开放的私人聚会。

扎贾奇科夫斯基先生说， ” “聚会不排 外，因为任何人都可以来，但是你必须经熟悉内情的人指点。这样比完全摸 不着门的人保险，因为他们能够一路摸索找到这里的事实，已使他们成为这 里的一员。 ”42. 近年来，越来越多的屋顶聚会已变得商业化了。一年前，在肉品市场的甘思 富酒店屋顶酒吧花园的开张，以及在切尔西区的海事酒店的卡巴纳斯，似乎 都对这一趋势有推波助澜的作用。 3. 戴蒙德先生看着在他们旁边一张桌子喝酒的一群年轻女子， 他们的头发吹得 很蓬松，手提包闪闪发光。 “清新空气使人们——呃，女人们——更主动， ” 他说， “就好像在说，咱们再喝几杯吧。 ” ii. 1. If we drop our guard in dealing with the great things, we shall be badly fooled and shall suffer severely. 2. There is no doubt that people who are really in the know are sure the film will win an Oscar. 3. Some birds were hovering in the sky, some were playing, some were also catching small insect with other birds, and it was really lovable! 4. Some experts say the main problem now is that additional government aid is needed to jump-start an electric-car industry. 5. At the time of every year, many tourists take a helicopter ride to appreciate the breathtaking beauty of the Grand Canyon. V. Writing (略)Key to Text Bi 1. D 2. No answer 2. T 3. T 3. A 4. F 4. D 5. T 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. Dii 1. TUNIT FOUR5Dieter Rams, the Man Who Shaped Our World? Key to ExercisesI. Reading Comprehension i 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. Cii（略） II. Vocabulary and structure i .1.splutter 6. hover 2. superseded 7. revolve around 3. transfix 8. be fired up 3. hovered 4. rejuvenate 9. glossy 4. inadvertently 9. be locked in 5. luscious 10. revere 5. revered 10. on the sideii. 1. supersede 2. luscious 6. glossy III Cloze 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C7. rejuvenate 8.lust5. C 15. D6. A7. B8. D9. B10. C11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C IV. Translation i16. D 17.C18. A 19. B 20. A1. 他回忆起自己从孩提时起，就专注地看爷爷做柜子，那种精细机巧和简洁质 让他看得发呆。

二战之后，怀着自我完善的新德国精神，他去艺术学校学习 建筑但还是禁不住家族传统的诱惑而在木匠业做了一年学徒。 2. 在电子产品领域，一家公司不仅靠技术水平，而且靠设计，二者齐名于世，这还是第一次。 设计成了产品。它唯一的竞争对手是意大利的奥利韦蒂公司。 埃托雷·索姆斯设计的甜美绚丽的拉丁风情产品与拉姆斯那种淋漓尽致的日 耳曼风格产品形成鲜明的对比。 3. 然而林登·b.约翰逊简介， 由于技术的更新换代，拉姆斯设计的电子产品如今早已成为过时之物， 只能在博物馆里见面了。当今的一次性消费品的泛滥使他痛苦，虽然我想这 种泛滥他不经意地起了助力作用。他不喜欢“设计”带有孤傲不群的意味， 仅仅注重外观。 ii61. My brother, Jimmy, did not get enough oxygen during a difficult delivery, leaving him with brain damage, and two years later I was born. Since then, my life revolved around my brother’s. 2. Frank Lampard has reassured England's fans that they will be fired up when they play in the knock-out stages of the World Cup. It won't be easy, because their opponents are all fired up as well. 3. We had wanted to let him know that no matter how difficult things got in the world, there would always be people who cared about him. We ended up reminding ourselves instead. 4. I am especially proud of the peach tree, not only because it has survived several winters, but because it occasionally produces luscious peaches. 5. Profess White was revered and worshiped as the idol by all the students in the college, not only because of his elegance, great learning, but also because of his strict requirements for and methodical and patient guidance to students. V. Writing（略）? Key to Text Bi 1. D ii 1. F 2. B 2. T 3. B 3. F 4. A 4. T 5. C 5. T 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. DUNIT FIVEThe Growing Backlash against Over-Parenting ? Key to ExercisesI. Reading Comprehension7i ii1. D2. C3. C4. C5. A6. C7. C8. D9. D 10. C（略）II. Vocabulary and Structure i. 1. backlash 6. resourceful ii 1. has crept up 2. christened 7. searing 3. counter 8. hallucinating 4. extravagance 9. molester 5. ignited 10. gospel 4. hovering over 8. free-range2. is hooked up3. were obsessed with 7. revelations5. do harm to the body 9. rolled back III. Cloze 1. A 11. C 2. B 3. C 4. D6. raved about10. shifted the attention from5. A6. B 16. A7. C8. A9. B10. B 20. D12. D 13. A 14. B 15.C17. D 18. B 19. AIV. Translation i. 1.我们给孩子购买全谷物杯形蛋糕和防过敏的袜子,请家教纠正五岁的孩子错 误的“握铅笔姿势”,在树屋里接上宽带网, 但是在他们第二次擦破膝盖后 就把秋千给卸了下来。

2. 大学院长们把新生称为“油炸土豆片”,因为刚上大学他们就似乎已经筋疲 力尽,还有的叫他们“瓷杯”——小小压力就足以让他们崩溃碎裂。 3. 因为害怕想象中的不测,我们实际上正在对孩子造成伤害,让他们变得焦虑不 安且缺乏冒险精神, 或者用她的话说,这些孩子是“温室里的花朵,揪着妈妈 的衣服不敢撒手的娇宝宝, 自己吓自己,扫兴无趣。” 4. 伊萨卡学院的网站上就列出了这样一份建议清单:“看望(但别太频繁)”、 “沟通(但别太频繁)”、“别(太过)担心”、“期待改变”、“信任孩子。 ii.81. By this one-week revolution trip, teachers were surprised to find that the patriotic thoughts had taken deep hold in students’ hearts. 2. The oil leak in Mexico Gulf in 2010 and its related media report ignited the worldwide attention on ocean environment protection of the earth. 3. At the meeting, the farmer representatives from all over the country raved heatedly about the reforms and changes in the countryside during the latest several decades, and imagined a better future. 4. It was undoubtedly a G-bomb that a foreign doctor who had been working abroad for 20 years came back to the small village where he was born to start his own business. 5. After incessant grueling games for several days, all sportsmen and referees were burn out and needed to take a good rest and state adjustment. V. Writing（略）? Key to Text Bi 1. C ii 1. T 2. D 3. D 4. C 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. B 5. T 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. AUNIT SIXA World of Connections? Key to ExercisesI. Reading Comprehension i. 1. Cii. (略)2. C3. B4. D5. D6. B7. D8. C9. C10. CⅡ.Vocabulary i. 1. delegate 2. boast93. demonstrated4. dramatic5. generate 9. prosperii. 1. concentrate on 5. violate 9. boast6. humanity 10. presidential2. target 6. demonstrate 10. exclusive7. innovation8. permanent3. copious 7. reckoned4. generate 8. launchIII. Cloze 1. D 11. B 2. A 12. C 3. D 13. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9.B 10. A14. A 15. C16. A 17. D 18. C19. D 20. CIV. Translation i. 24.这个全球最大的在线社交网站拥有逾 3.5 亿用户，如果把它看成一个国家的 话，Facebook 的人口仅次于中国和印度。

这不是唯一与此行业相关的令人震 惊的数据。 25. 对怀疑论者们而言，所有这些关于社交网站的讨论都预示着另一个互联网泡 沫的形成。 他们争论到， 即使如 Facebook 这么大的社交网站也将为赚钱而挣 扎，因为变幻无常的网民们不会在一个地方呆很长时间，例子就是 MySpace。 MySpace 曾经风行一时，而现在只能算是以前的影子。 26. 这份特别报告将细致地检验这些事情。报告表示，尽管不会每个网站都繁荣林登·b.约翰逊简介， 社交网站要比其批评者们认为得要更具生机。而社交网络技术让欢迎它们的 公司受益匪浅，不管这些企业大还是小。 ii. 1. Now her teachers corps, called Teach for American is off and running. After a rigorous competition,500 recent college graduates won places out of a field of2,500 applicants, proving Ms.Kopp's theory that making the corps selective would enhance its appeal to college students. 2. There is a growing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices. 3. Though the professor explained the point in detail, many students still couldn't understand it. 4. Various projects are in progress, but we do always need your help. If you have good designs, ideas or would kindly give a hand, please contact related project10co-ordinators. 5. He was taken on for a three-month trial period before being accepted as a permanent member of staff.? Key to Text Bi. 1. C ii. 1. F 2. T 3.F 4. F 5. T 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. A 6.B 7. D 8. D 9. D 10. BUNIT SEVENEurope Finds Clean Energy in Trash, but U.S. Lags? Key to ExercisesI. Reading comprehension i. ii. 1. A (略) 2. D 3.D 4.D 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.CII. Vocabulary and structure i. 1. enclave 6. copious ii. 1. copious 2. spur 7. encased 2. mandate 3. incinerator 8. enclave 3. scaring 4. eligible 9. emanate 4. emanate 5. embraces 10. hasten 5. retrofit 10. come down6. hazardous 7. disperse 8. adjacent III. Cloze 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.D9. being at peace with7.B8.D9.A10.D 20.B11.A 12.D 13.A 14.C IV. Translation15.A 16.D 17.A 18.D 19.D11i.Translate the following into Chinese1. 赫斯霍尔姆是丹麦人均收入最高的社区，居住在这里的律师、工程师等富裕居民似乎不介意其粗笨的邻居：一个巨大的垃圾焚烧发电厂，每天按时处理 数千吨家庭垃圾和工业废弃物。

2. 这些电厂的清洁程度如此之高，以至于现在丹麦家庭壁炉和后院烧烤所排放 的二恶英要远远超过垃圾焚烧产生的这种毒物。 3. 丹麦人对待垃圾发电的态度则截然不同，这里的垃圾电厂直接建在其服务的 社区当中，这样焚烧垃圾产生的热量就能直接用于住宅供暖。 ii. ii. Translate the following into English1. The U. S. Office of Personnel Management issued guidelines recently to boost the number of federal employees eligible for telework. 2. The English teacher provides her students with copious notes to make sure that they can catch the drift of her lessons. 3. Programmers typically focus so intently on the enabling technology that they don’t carefully consider the human actions required to operate the technology from a goal-directed point of view. 4. Congress has on several occasions refused to ratify treaties or give approval to laws proposed by the President. 5. The People's Republic of China owns indisputable sovereignty over these islands and adjacent waters. V. Writing (略)? Key to Text BI. i. ii. Reading Comprehension 1. D 1. T 2. D 2. T 3. C 3.F 4. D 4. F 5. D 5. F 6.C 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. C12UNIT EIGHTDo We Need a New Internet?Key to ExercisesI. Reading Comprehension i 1. A ⅱ(略) II. Vocabulary and Structure i. 1.worse off 5.deteriorated 9. languish ii. 1.catastrophe 5.maddeningly 9.keep an eye over III. Cloze 1．A 11．C 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 18．C 9．B 10．B 19．D 20．C 2.sturdy 6. shattered 10.clandestine 2.concerted 6.in return 10.figure out 3.devastating 7.languished 4.evade 8.harbinger 3. trivial 7.concerted 4.unobtrusive 8. end up 2. B 3. C 4. B. 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A12．B 13．D14．B 15．A 16．D 17．DIV. Translation iii. Translate the following into Chinese1. 网络的糟糕程度使越来越多的工程师和安全专家认为网路安全和隐私已经变 得令人如此难以捉摸，那么唯一解决问题的办法就是从头开始。

2. 当前因特网的设计几乎默默无闻地保护它的使用者。(正如多年前《纽约客》 中的一则卡通指出的： “在互联网上,没人知道你是一条狗。 ”但这种匿名现在 成为法律防护最苦恼的挑战。因特网攻击者能够通过连接许多国家的地址来 隐藏自己的位置，这用偷来的信用卡在网吧购买一个账户也许就能做到。 3. 证明身份仍有可能十分困难。从半个地球之远的地方接管某人的电脑，像操 作自己的电脑一样操作它——在这样一个世界是微不足道的。只要事实仍然13存在，建立一个完全信得过系统仍将是不大可能的。 iv. Translate the following into English1. Washington Post has been in slow decline for the past 50 years, which was deteriorated by the Great Depression. 2. Men like to pursue an elusive woman, like a cake of wet soap in a bathtub. 3. It didn't take the children long to figure out the correct answer，which surprised the teacher very much. 4. We shouldn't complain about being poor— many families are much worse off. 5. The bargain they reached with their employers was to reduce their wage claim in return for a shorter working week? Key to Text B ? Reading Comprehensioni. 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. C 9. D 10. Dii. 1. F2. F3. F4. T5.TUNIT NINEWith Finance Disgraced, Which Career Will Be King?Steve LohrKey to ExercisesI. Reading Comprehensioni. 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. C147.C8.B9.D10. Bii. (略) II．Vocabulary and Structure i. 1. prestigious 6. embark on ii. 1. hefty 6. laid off III. Cloze 1. D 11. C 2. A 12.B 3.C 13.D 4.D 14.B 5.B 15.C 6.B 16.D 7.A 17.A 8.C 18. C 9.A 19.C 10.B 20.D 2. nonetheless 7. stint 2. elite 7. reeled 3. anecdote 8. presumed 3. agenda 8. ripple 4. lucrative 9. animate 4. beckons 9. turned down 5. endorse 10. convict 5. dated back to 10. witherIV. Translation i. 1. 一些初期的迹象表明，比之于即刻得到华尔街 6 位数薪水的梦想，新的职业 方向将更多地 与解决国家所面临问题的政府新行动计划的需要联系在一 起。

2. 不过，其困境对重新思考职业选择—尤其是在美国的那些精英大学中—产生 最大影响的，还要属在美国经济衰退中处于核心位置的行业—金融业。 3. 公共服务、政府部门、科研领域甚至教学工作看来会成为人们的上选，而从 事金融和商业咨询类职业的青年才俊则要比过去少。 ii. 1. It would be wrong to judge any country, let alone one as fractured and complicated as Afghanistan, on an anecdote. 2. He hoped to animate a fairy story giving it a kind of magic which live act films could not have. 3. The best and the quickest method to conquer fear and establish confidence is to embark on the most dreadful quest till you obtain the experience for success. 4. Well-known sportsmen can earn large sums of money from manufacturers by endorsing clothes and equipment. 5. The experiment conducted by the US astronauts in 1971 brought conviction to the world that Galileo’s theory of falling objects is true.15v. Writing (略)? Key to Text BIII. i. 1.C ii. 1.T Reading Comprehension2.D 2. F 3.B 3. F 4.C 4.T 5.D 5. T 6.D 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.AUNIT TENNation: Is a Woman’s Place in the House? Key to ExercisesI. Reading Comprehension i 1. C 2B 3C 4C 5C 6.D 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. Cii.（略） II. Vocabulary and Structure i. 1. vacate 5. rejoinder 9. outright ii. 1. exclude 5. abrasive 9. in proportion to III Cloze 1C 11. C 2B 12 D 3A 13 B 4B 14 A 5D 15 C 6D 16 D 7A 17 B 8C 18 A 9A 19 C 10 B 20 A 2. antagonize 6. outright 10. uprooted 3. vulnerable 7. A bevy of 4. lucrative 8. shirk 2. endorse 6. exclude 10. plague 3. stereotypes 7. lucrative 4. vulnerable 8. shirk16Ⅳ. Translation i. Translate the following into Chinese. 1. 很多女性受到了当前形势的激励。

康涅狄格州的艾拉·格拉索, 第一个赢得 了政府管理职位的女性，她说这些胜利在今后几年会使更多的女性进入政府 部门。 2. 也许女性通往政界的成功之路上最根本的障碍是性别歧视——存在于女性 和男性意识中的认知中，即女性的位置是在家里，而不是政界。 3. 甚至在男性主义的发源地的英国，女性在下议院和内阁的比例都在不断提 高，超过了美国政府部门。如果保守党赢得即将到来的大选，玛格丽特·撒 切尔将会成为首相， 并且许多国家立法机关女性比例都远远超过美国的议 会。 ii. Translate the following into English: 1. The United States now applies this policy to its trade with all of its trading partners except for those that, for foreign policy reasons, are specifically excluded by law. 2. While continuing to watch out for and defuse financial risks, we should generate more financial resources to support economic development. 3. Many Singaporeans, including the highly-educated and socially-advantaged elites, still routinely display tardy and inconsiderate character traits which would have been frowned upon, if not outright condemned, in a more polite society. 4. "If I follow your advice, I'll wind up like you, working harder and harder only to pay more taxes and wind up in debt. 5. All nations should endorse, respect and support the arms control and disarmament measures adopted after voluntary consultation, negotiation and agreement between nations and in light of actual regional circumstances.Key to Text Bi 1. B 2.B 3.C 4..D 5.B 6. C 7.D178. D9.B10. Dii 1-5 F T F F T18