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撰写开题报告的重点和难点 论文开题报告中关键难点及解决方案怎么写

火烧 2022-08-02 21:17:10 1063
论文开题报告中关键难点及解决方案怎么写 论文开题报告中关键难点及解决方案怎么写毕业论文开题报告论文题目:学生姓名: 学 号:专 业:指导教师:年 月 日开题报告填写要求1.开题报告作为毕业设计 论文

论文开题报告中关键难点及解决方案怎么写  

论文开题报告中关键难点及解决方案怎么写

毕业论文开题报告
论文题目:
学生姓名: 学 号:
专 业:
指导教师:
年 月 日
开题报告填写要求
1.开题报告作为毕业设计(论文)答辩委员会对学生答辩资格审查的依据材料之一.此报告应在指导教师指导下,由学生在毕业设计(论文)工作前期内完成,经指导教师签署意见审查后生效.
2.开题报告内容必须用黑墨水笔工整书写,按成教处统一设计的电子文件标准格式列印,禁止列印在其它纸上后剪贴,完成后应及时交给指导教师签署意见.
3.学生查阅资料的参考文献应在3篇及以上(不包括辞典,手册),开题报告的字数要在1000字以上.
4.有关年月日等日期的填写,应当按照国标GB/T 7408—94《资料元和交换格式,资讯交换,日期和时间表示法》规定的要求,一律用阿拉伯数字书写.如"2004年9月26日"或"2004-09-26".
毕 业 论 文 开 题 报 告
1.本课题的研究意义
中国网际网路经过10年的持续发展。目前在普及应用上正步入崭新的多元化应用阶段。有关资料显示,中国宽频使用者、网路国际出口频宽、上网方式和途径、网路应用服务更趋多样化。人们对网际网路的使用广度、信用度、依赖度正在逐步提高。随着网路提供的功能和服务的进一步完善,网路应用化、生活化服务正逐步成熟。网际网路的影响正逐步渗透到人们生产、生活、工作、学习的各个角落。中国网际网路整体呈现较快的增长态势。但中国地区之间网际网路发展水平、普及水平还存在明显的差距,呈现"东快、西慢,城快、村慢"的特点,因此,加大对于网际网路应用和发展的研究力度,借鉴国外网际网路应用的成功范例引入和普及网际网路应用的先进经验是当务之急。
2.本课题的重点和难点
第一,从全国人口来看,网际网路普及率还很低,仅有7.9%,与世界平均水平约14%还有较大差距。因此要普及网际网路,让更多人来使用网际网路是任重道远的事情。
第二,网上资讯资源还不够丰富,质量比较好的、能反映我国优秀文化的、对广大网民有真正用处的资讯还不够多。根据国信办的调查,截至2004年底,我国共有6.5亿中文网页,比2003年底差不多翻了一番,但是仅占全世界网页数量(300多亿)的2%,比例很低。因此我们需要网上有更多丰富的内容,特别是健康的、有质量的、有针对性的内容。
第三,目前,网际网路产业虽然在电子政务、电子商务方面进行了不少探索,也取得了一些成果,但是从整体上看网路应用水平和实效(即网民的使用者体验)还比较初级。在技术驱动下产生的包括网路游戏、电子商务、无线宽频、VoIP、P2P等新的应用还没有形成成熟的盈利模式。
第四,新技术发展遭遇机遇和挑战。当前国外网际网路新技术层出不穷,一直处于网际网路发展的领先地位,而我国的自主创新能力比较薄弱,因此需要更加努力,迎头赶上。
第五,网路安全和网路文明面临严峻挑战。网路文明要靠政府法制、行业自律、网民的自觉来维护,而最关键的应该是网民素质的提高。就像交通管理一样,有交通法规的限制,也有警察的监管,但是最关键的还是司机素质的提高,否则交通事故还是无法避免的。同时,提供内容、服务的企业也应当承担其责任,实施行业自律。
3.论文提纲
我国网际网路在若干领域的应用
1.网际网路在政府中的应用
2.网际网路在企业中的应用
3.网际网路在消费群体中的应用
我国网际网路应用前景
1.网际网路将加速融入我们的生活
2.网际网路经济逐渐产生效益
3.宽频网路建设打通网际网路应用瓶颈
4.网际网路成为国民经济新的增长点
毕 业 论 文 开 题 报 告
指导教师意见:
(对本课题的深度,广度及工作量的意见)
指导教师: (亲笔签名)
年 月 日
系部审查意见:
系部负责人: (亲笔签名)
年 月 日

开题报告中论文的重点和难点 怎么写

到网上搜开题报告的模板,照着写一个就行了,很简单的。或者根据你写的论文提纲,觉得其中哪几个标题不好写,这就是难点了;或是哪几个标题是论述的重点,字数多的就是重点了。

论文开题报告的课题实施方案怎么写

去论文资料库找相关的,比如知网 万方,自己不会搜的可参照我百度空间里关于网路找论文的方法和步骤

论文的开题报告的设计方案怎么写

你论文选题定好了吗?开题报告选题老师同意了?开题报告格式要求准备好了没
还有什么不懂的地方可以问我,希望能够帮到你?
当论文选题确定之后,开题报告和文献综述通常是需要首先进行写作的,鉴于不少同学对开题报告和文献综述还存在较大疑
惑,本次分别说下开题报告和文献综述的一般写法吧,看完之后应该可以有个全面的了解,希望对你有所帮助。
 开题报告的主要内容一般包括选题背景、国内外研究现状、研究意义、主要研究内容(提纲)、研究方法以及参考文献;
其他的一些内容根据学校具体要求而定。
 1、选题背景:就是简单介绍一下是在什么样的背景下选择该题目作为研究物件的
,比如题目是《关于我国中小企业融资困难问题的研究》,那么选题背景中就可以大概介绍下我国当前中小企业融资的现状

2、国内外研究现状:分别选一些题目相关的国内外文献,大概总结下作者提出的观点、理论之类的;
3、研究意义:顾名
思义,就是只研究这个课题有什么意义,又可以细分为现实意义和理论意义;现实意义就是指在实际中有什么作用,而理论
意义则是指本课题的研究对于现有的一些理论具备怎样的作用,比如可以说对已有的理论做了有力的补充,同时也为后续研
究者进行更进一步的研究提供了一定的理论基础之类的;
4、主要研究内容(提纲):这个不用过多解释,部分学校的开题报
告在研究内容一项中需要列出具体的写作提纲;
 5、研究方法:进行研究所采用的主要方法,比如查阅文献、问卷调查、建
立模型之类的,可以视具体情况而定;
文献综述
简单说来,文献综述就是对你题目相关的一些文献资料的概述,也可以
说是对国内外相关研究现状的一个总结。为了写出文献综述,你首先需要去搜集一些近3年以来跟题目相关的一些参考文献,
写作主要内容一般包括:前言、主题、总结和参考文献。
 1、前言:主要是说明写作的目的,介绍有关的概念及定义以及综
述的范围,简要说明有关题目的现状或争论焦点,使读者对全文要叙述的问题有一个初步的轮廓;
2、主题:主要是对国
内外相关研究现状进行概括,其中分为国外研究现状及国内研究现状,分别列出一些相关研究者的观点或理论;比如"XXX
(2013)认为,....."、”XXX(2014)提出了这样的观点,他认为...";
3、总结:文献综述最好不要只是简单罗列别人的观点,最终,你还得对别人的研究成果进行总结,在总结里提出自己的一些看法;
 4、参考文献:这个无需多说,就是列出你写这篇文献综述参考了哪些文献,参考文献的格式具体参考你学校的格式要求,如果没有的话,可以去看看一般参考文献格式。
 提醒:文献综述注意不要简单的堆砌别人的观点,最好是可以对不同的研究成果进行归类,并且需要提出一些自己的看法。

英语论文开题报告怎么写

开题报告,老师一般会给模板,还要看你题目是什么。这是我的开题报告,你参考一下吧。
课题名称
An Analysis of the Different Cultural Connotations of Color Words beeen English and Chinese
试析颜色词的中英文化内涵差异
课题来源
Self-Selected and Approved by the Tutor
一、课题背景及意义 (课题的立题依据及研究意义)
Research Background:
A language not only expresses facts, ideas, or events which represent similar world knowledge by its people, but also reflects the people’s attitudes, beliefs, and world outlooks etc. People of different cultures structure the world around them differently, at least in the language they use to describe that world. Languages differ enormously from one another, and these differences are related to important differences in the customs and behaviors and other aspects of the cultures in which those language reside. In a word, language is a mirror of culture.
When we learn a new word we tend to look for its meaning in the word itself. Yet in addition to its dictionary meanings, the same word may stir up different associations in people, because of cultural differences. In our daily life, color words are the mon illustrations of the cultural differences in language use. In Chinese and English cultures, color words are in the same way influenced by cultures, and used widely in people’s daily life.
Research Significance:
As the differences beeen Eastern and Western cultures led to the understanding of the color words are not the same . Color words contain a lot of deep meaning, implies a different ethnic feelings. If we do not take into aount the impact of cultural differences, we are difficult to understand the implicit meaning of color words. The significance of this thesis is to enable a better understanding of color words, in order to enhance munication skills, avoid conflict of cultures.
二、课题研究现状及发展趋势 (课题研究领域的发展现状及可能的发展方向)
Research Status:
Study of color words has long attracted linguists’ attention. The bright lights of the objective world and for humankind as a whole are the same, but the national language or in different books of different ages or different geographical dialects often be found to have different understanding about color words. This concentrated and fully prove that language is the result of human cognition to understand and express the objective world, different groups of people in cognitive understanding and expression of the world, due to the different natural environment, social life, cultural traditions. Study of color words in different languages beeen the similarities and differences. The same object can look at how the differences in cognitive terms showing similarities and differences beeen how the social and cultural differences and further expansion of the semantic differences, which for the cognitive linguistics, parative linguistics and culture, linguistics, and on second language teaching of applied linguistics has an important significance..
Research Tendency:
21st century’s color words study should stress the originality on research based on the achievements of the previous scholars, domestic or abroad. The study should keep track of the latest development of color words, making breakthrough, upgrading the research quality.
三、研究内容及研究目标 (对研究的内容进行说明,并阐明要达到的目标)
Research Contents:
A. Cultural Connotations of Black and Reflections in Idioms
1.Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Black Is Associated With the Solemn and the Dignified
1.2 Black Is Associated With Profit
1.3 Black Is Associated With the Black People
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Black Is Associated With the Death
2.2 Black Is Associated With the Evil and Unfortunate
2.3 Black Is Associated With the Shame and Disgraceful
2.4 Black Is Associated With Anger
B. Cultural Connotations of White and Reflections in Idioms
1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 White Is Associated With the Pure and Lucky
1.2 White Is Associated With Integrity and Honesty
2. Negative Connotations and Reflections in Idioms
2.1 White Is Associated With Death and Poor
2.2 White Is Associated With Worthless and Timid
C. Cultural Connotations of Red and Reflections in Idioms
1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Red Is Associated With Honor and Love
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Red is Associated with the Obscenity
2.2 Red Is Associated With Revolution and Socialism.
2.3 Red Is Associated With Danger and Loss
D. Cultural Connotations of Yellow and Reflections in Idioms
1.Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Yellow Is Associated With the Noble
1.2 Yellow Is Associated With the Joy and Missing
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Yellow Is Associated With the Vulgar and Exaggerative
2.2 Yellow Is Associated With the Coward and Disease
Research Objectives:
I write this thesis in order to make English learners have a better understanding of the cultural meaning of color words and enhance munication skills, avoid conflict in Western culture.
四、预计的研究难点 (课题研究过程中可能遇到的理论难题或技术难点)
With the changing society, people have a view of things may have diametrically opposite point of view, how is the color of the word has bee more authoritative to be a problem; how to get people to attach importance to the implied meaning of color words which may lead to cultural conflict is also a problem. As the color words in real life, the widely used, it is difficult in a paper summarizing, so how to form the color words of the formation of an effective system is a difficult. Possible problems also contain: (1) Limited availability of helpful data, especially the books or articles written by the native scholars; (2) Difficulty in the presentation of insightful ideas and the attainment in originality due to lack of the knowledge related.
五、创新点 (选题、观点、理论、材料、方法等创新点)
The English language is developing constantly, keeping absorbing more color words. What is new in my thesis is that I try to focus my study on color words in modern English, making the research keep pace with the times, with the latest development in loanwords.
六、进度计划 (根据研究内容及研究目标所预计的进度安排)
1. Nov.16th — Nov.22nd , 2008 Subject selecting & ic narrowing
2. Nov.23rd — Dec.20th , 2008 Data gathering
3. Dec.21st — Jan.10th , 2009 Opening report & detailed outline
4. Jan.11th — Feb.8th, 2009 Literature review
5. Feb.9th — Mar.14th, 2009 First draft
6. Mar.15th — Apr.10th, 2009 Second draft
7. Apr.11th — Apr.20th, 2009 Final version
8. Apr.27th — May 14th, 2009 Printing
9. May 17th — May 25th, 2009 Thesis debate
七、资料来源 (指能够支援“课题背景”、“课题研究现状及发展趋势”所论述内容的主要文献资料)
[1] Baugh, A.C. & Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language [M]. Peking: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2001.
[2] Eckersley, C.E. Brighter English [M]. London: Longman, 1979.
[3] Gill, R. Mastering English Literature [M]. London: Mac Millan Education, 1985.
[4] Hornby, A.S. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English [Z]. London: Oxford University, 1974.
[5] Knowles, G. A Cultural History of the English Language [M]. U.S.A.: A Hodder Arnold Publication, 1997.
[6] Lott, B. A Course in English Language and Literature [M]. U.S.A.: Edward Arnold, 1989.
[7] Lyons, J. Language and Linguistics [M]. London: Longman, 1981.
[8] Wales, K. Northern English: A Social and Cultural History [M]. London: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
[9] Wu Weizen. History and Anthology of English Literature [M]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2001.
[10] Yang Yanhua & Zhang Shufan. Modern English Lexicology [M]. Peking: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2007.
[11] 陈永烨.“英汉颜色词所表现的中西文化差异” [J].《辽宁工程技术大学学报》,2005,(7).
[12] 戴炜栋,何兆熊.《新编简明英语语言学教程》[A].上海:上海外语出版社,2002.
[13] 邓炎昌,刘润清.《语言与文化》[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,1991.
[14] 蒋栋元.“论颜色及颜色词的文化差异” [J]. 《四川外语学院学报》,2002,(3).
[15] 唐振华.“英汉颜色词的翻译” [J].《中国科技翻译》,1997,(2).
指导教师意见:(对课题的认可意见)
指导教师
年 月 日
系(教研室)审查意见:
系(教研室)主任:
年 月 日

药学(本科)论文开题报告怎么写?

:studa./yaoxue/070629/14464245.
门诊药房合理配发儿科用药应注意的问题

一、开题报告封面:论文题目、系别、专业、年级、姓名、导师二、目的意义和国内外研究概况三、论文的理论依据、研究方法、研究内容四、研究条件和可能存在的问题五、预期的结果六、进度安排

毕业论文的开题报告中实行方案、进度及预期效果要怎么写?

就是你的毕业论文的写作计划
你打算如何完成论文

关于足球裁判论文开题报告怎么写

写出足球裁判的主要责任,将具体每个部分总结一下,然后写出一个具体的流程,还有就是时间计划安排。

撰写开题报告的重点和难点 论文开题报告中关键难点及解决方案怎么写
  
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